Table 4.
Multivariable analysis of factors affecting KAP towards COVID-19.
| Variables | Knowledge | Attitude | Practice |
|---|---|---|---|
| AOR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | |
| Age | |||
| 15–24 | 2.34 (0.81–6.76) | 0.43 (0.13–1.41) | 0.58 (0.19–1.81) |
| 25–34 | 1.13 (0.52–2.49) | 0.38 (0.16–0.91) * | 0.68 (0.30–1.57) |
| 35 or older | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Resident | |||
| Rural | 0.59 (0.38–0.92) * | 1.15 (0.69–1.90) | 1.41 (0.87–2.28) |
| Urban | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Religion | |||
| Muslim | 1.07 (0.55–2.07) | 1.31 (0.61–2.82) | 0.65 (0.32–1.33) |
| Hindu | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Education | |||
| No formal education | 0.30 (0.07–1.35) | 0.84 (0.17–4.29) | 0.52 (0.12–2.34) |
| Secondary (6–10) and lower | 0.55 (0.19–1.56) | 0.77 (0.24–2.49) | 0.68 (0.22–2.09) |
| Intermediate (11–12) | 0.65 (0.26–1.61) | 0.56 (0.20–1.58) | 0.70 (0.26–1.86) |
| Bachelor | 1.46 (0.40–5.32) | 1.43 (0.35–5.93) | 1.31 (0.35–4.90) |
| Higher Education (Above bachelor) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Occupation | |||
| Housewife | 0.50 (0.11–2.42) | 1.02 (0.19–5.40) | 0.59 (0.10–3.34) |
| Employee in the private sector | 0.28 (0.06–1.36) | 0.81 (0.15–4.31) | 0.56 (0.10–3.22) |
| Gov. employee | 0.72 (0.14–3.82) | 1.22 (0.21–7.17) | 0.98 (0.15–6.28) |
| Student/Job finder | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Education of Husband | |||
| Secondary (6–10) and lower | 0.18 (0.07–0.43) *** | 0.23 (0.09–0.63) ** | 1.08 (0.41–2.87) |
| Intermediate (11–12) | 0.32 (0.14–0.71) ** | 0.32 (0.13–0.80) * | 1.30 (0.52–3.24) |
| Bachelor | 0.10 (0.03–0.35) *** | 0.38 (0.10–1.41) | 2.07 (0.58–7.40) |
| Higher Education (Above bachelor) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Occupation of Husband | |||
| Gov. employee | 0.85 (0.24–3.00) | 1.28 (0.31–5.27) | 3.16 (0.84–11.91) |
| Employee in the private sector | 1.05 (0.35–3.20) | 1.19 (0.34–4.16) | 1.58 (0.50–4.97) |
| Businessman | 0.73 (0.16–3.30) | 1.67 (0.34–8.15) | 3.94 (0.81–19.14) |
| Daily laborer | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Gravidity | |||
| Primi | 1.33 (0.47–3.72) | 1.66 (0.54–5.10) | 0.89 (0.32–2.46) |
| Multi | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Parity | |||
| Nulliparous | 1.55 (0.53–4.55) | 1.50 (0.46–4.83) | 1.02 (0.33–3.12) |
| Primipara | 1.83 (0.80–4.16) | 1.01 (0.41–2.51) | 1.66 (0.70–3.98) |
| Multipara | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Number of Living Children | |||
| None | 0.48 (0.10–2.23) | 1.83 (0.33–10.11) | 0.51 (0.11–2.40) |
| One | 1.10 (0.35–3.40) | 4.87 (1.28–18.51) * | 0.57 (0.17–1.89) |
| Greater than or equal to 2 | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Condition of Pregnancy | |||
| Unwanted | 0.59 (0.13–2.55) | 0.64 (0.12–3.39) | 1.90 (0.42–8.57) |
| Wanted | 0.72 (0.18–2.95) | 0.53 (0.11–2.60) | 2.63 (0.64–10.77) |
| Mistimed | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| ANC Visit | |||
| No | 0.62 (0.39–0.98) * | 1.28 (0.77–2.14) | 0.98 (0.60–1.58) |
| Yes | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Knowledge | |||
| Poor knowledge | - | 0.12 (0.07–0.20) *** | 0.11 (0.07–0.19) *** |
| Good knowledge | - | Ref. | Ref. |
Note: * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001, AOR = Adjusted Odds Ratio, CI = Confidence Interval.