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. 2022 Nov 8;13(4):356–362. doi: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_321_21

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Copyright: © 2022 Contemporary Clinical Dentistry

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Scanning electron microscope images showing representative of failure modes of all groups. (a) mixed failure-mainly adhesive (conventional nanofilled dentin bonding agent -1 day), (b) adhesive failure at the interface (conventional nanofilled dentin bonding agent - 6 months) (c) cohesive in the composite (nano_HAP-incorporated dentin bonding agent - 1 day) (d) mixed 50%–50% (nano_HAP-incorporated dentin bonding agent - 6 months) (e) cohesive failure in the composite (Si-nano_HAP-incorporated dentin bonding agent - 1 day) (f) mixed-mainly cohesive (Si-nano_HAP-incorporated dentin bonding agent - 6 months)