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. 2023 Jan 16;11(1):224. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11010224

Table 1.

Conventionally approved PS employed in PDT for cancer treatment.

Photosensitizer Generic Name λ (nm)
Max.		 Chemical
Structure		 Drug Light Interval Approved for Ref.
5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) Luvalan 635 graphic file with name biomedicines-11-00224-i001.jpg 6 h Actinic keratosis (USA 1999) [32,33]
Hematoporphyrin derivatives (HPD) Photofrin (Porfmer sodium) 630 graphic file with name biomedicines-11-00224-i002.jpg 48 h (i) Bladder cancer (Canada 1993)
(ii) Early-stage lung cancer (Japan 1994)
(iii) Esophageal cancer (FDA USA 1995),
Early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (FDA USA 1998)		 [29,31]
Meta-tetra(hydroxyphenyl) chlorin (mTHPC) Foscan (temoporfin) 652 graphic file with name biomedicines-11-00224-i003.jpg 96 h (i) Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (Europe 2001) [29,31]
Benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid ring A Verteporfin or Visudyne 690 graphic file with name biomedicines-11-00224-i004.jpg 30 min Choroidal neovascularization (age-related macular degeneration (AMD) (FDA 2000)) [34]
Palladium (Pd)—substituted bacteriochlorophyll derivative Tookad (WST09 (padoporfin)
WST11 (padeliporfin or TOOKAD Soluble))		 763 graphic file with name biomedicines-11-00224-i005.jpg Short interval mins Clinical trial for prostate cancer [29,35,36]
N-aspartyl chlorine e6 (NPe6) Talaporfin sodium (Laserphyrin®) 664 graphic file with name biomedicines-11-00224-i006.jpg 0.25–4 h (i) Early-stage lung cancer (Japan 2003) [12,29]