| AD | Alzheimer’s disease |
| ADHD | attention deficit hyperactivity disorder |
| ANS | autonomic nervous system |
| ASD | autism spectrum disorder |
| BC | bovine colostrum |
| BP | bipolar |
| CNS | central nervous system |
| Ctr | control mice |
| ENS | enteric nervous system |
| F/B ratio | Firmicute Bacteroidetes ratio |
| FDR | false discovery rate |
| GABA | γ-Aminobutyric acid |
| GBA | gut–brain axis |
| GI | gastrointestinal |
| HSD | honestly significant difference |
| HPA | hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal |
| IP | intestinal permeability |
| LDB | light-dark box |
| LPS | lipopolysaccharide |
| MB | marble burying |
| MCI | mild cognitive impairment |
| MDD | major depressive disorder |
| MGBA | microbiota–gut–brain axis |
| OTUs | operational taxonomic units |
| PD | Parkinson’s Disease |
| PCA | principal component analysis |
| PERMANOVA | permutation multivariate analysis of variance |
| SCFAs | short-chain fatty acids |
| TJs | tight junctions |
| TLRs | Toll-like receptors |
| WT | wild-type |
| Ztm | zonulin transgenic mouse |