Table 2.
Preparation of CNT-based nanocomposites for immunosensor fabrication and their sensing properties.
| CNT Hybrid Preparation Methods | Electrodes | Sensing Strategies | LOD | LR | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chemical reduction of AuNPs on MWCNT | Anti-KBL/PA/AuNPs-PEI-MWCNTs/GCE | Label-free/DPV | 23 ng/mL | 0.05−100 μg/mL | [69] |
| Chemically synthesized COOH-MWCNTs/AuNPs | Anti-BPA aptamer/COOH-MWCNTs/AuNPs/AuE | Label-free SWV | 114 pg/mL | 22.8–2283 pg/mL | [70] |
| Ultrasonication | α-fetoprotein/N-GQD 1 @SWCNTs/Anti-AFP/BSA/GCE | Label-free/CV and EIS | 0.25 pg/mL | 0.001–200 ng/mL | [73] |
| CNTs/PEI/GE 2 via LBL fashion | CA19-9/PEI-CNTs/EDC-NHS | Label-free/EIS | 0.35 U/mL | 0.05–0.5 U/mL | [78] |
| RGO/CNF and RGO/CNT via sonication and hydrothermal reaction | RGO-CNT-Thi/anti-CA125/AuNPs/GCE | Sandwich reaction/DPV | 0.28 pg/mL | 1–3.2 ng/mL | [74] |
| Electropolymerization | Anti-calreticulin/SWCNTs-PPepx /ITO | Label-free/EIS | 4.6 fg/mL | 0.015–60 pg/mL | [75] |
| Electropolymerization | Anti-CysC/PPy-CNTs/ IDE 3 | Label-free/Capacitance | 28 ng/mL | 30–300 ng/mL | [76] |
1 N-GQD: nitrogen doped graphene quantum dot; 2 CNTs/PEI/GE: CNTs/polyethyleneimine/Gold electrode; 3 Anti-CysC/PPy/CNTs/IDE: anti-cystatin-C/polypyrrole/CNTs/interdigitated electrode.