Table 1.
Differences between patients treated with hCPAP and conventional oxygen therapy.
| Variables | hCPAP | Conventional Oxygen | Younden Index | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 69 (61–78) | 73 (58–84) | <78 | 0.006 |
| Male Sex n(%) | 189/295 (64%) | 177/386 (45.9%) | 0.01 | |
| Hypertension | 142/295 (48.1%) | 188/384 (48.9%) | 0.93 | |
| Cardiovascular disease | 80/295 (27.1%) | 117/384 (30%) | 0.14 | |
| Respiratory diseases | 44/295 (14.9%) | 60/384 (15.6%) | 0.10 | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 35/295 (11.8%) | 68/386 (17.6%) | 0.04 | |
| Active cancer | 26/295 (8.8%) | 28/386 (7.3%) | 0.047 | |
| Severe obesity | 42/295 (14.2%) | 34/384 (8.9%) | 0.004 | |
| Neuropsychiatric disorders | 34/295 (11.5%) | 99/386 (25.6%) | <0.001 | |
| Diabetes | 50/295 (16.9%) | 81/384 (21%) | 0.08 | |
| Polytherapy at home | 137/295 (46.4%) | 183/384 (47.7%) | 0.62 | |
| Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 14 (13–15) | 13 (12–15) | >13 | <0.001 |
| Platelets (109/L) | 207 (157–260) | 204 (163–259) | 0.98 | |
| Neutrophils (units/L) | 5900 (4550–8600) | 4900 (3370–7650) | >4700 | <0.001 |
| Lymphocytes (units/L) | 800 (570–1100) | 860 (600–1200) | 0.30 | |
| International Normalized Ratio (INR) | 1.2 (1.1–1.3) | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | >1.1 | 0.026 |
| D-dimer (µg/mL) | 847 (523–1550) | 900 (530–1500) | 0.95 | |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | 770 (640–880) | 680 (570–790) | <0.001 | |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | 39 (31–54) | 31 (24–46) | >33 | <0.001 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 31 (19–51) | 24 (16–39) | <0.001 | |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 620 (480–760) | 470 (380–600) | >570 | <0.001 |
| Total Bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.6 (0.5–0.8) | 0.6 (0.5–0.8) | 0.125 | |
| C-reactive protein (mg/dL) | 8.3 (4–13) | 4.8 (2–11) | >4.6 | <0.001 |
| Procalcitonin (ng/mL) | 0.12 (0.07–0.3) | 0.09 (0.05–0.22) | >0.1 | <0.001 |
| Interleukin-6 (pg/mL) | 58 (31–100) | 34 (14–66) | >46 | <0.001 |
| Horowitz Index | 230 (130–275) | 260 (180–310) | <270 | 0.006 |
| Brain natriuretic peptide (pg/mL) | 64 (35–140) | 79 (34–190) | 0.31 | |
| Call score | 12 (10–13) | 11 (9–12) | >9 | <0.001 |