Table 4.
Commercial Wearable Devices for Monitoring NDD-Related Motor Impairments.
| Motor Disability | Device Type | Device Brand | Device Model | Monitoring Features | Sensors Used | FDA Status/Year/AP (AP: Accuracy Percentage) |
Android Compatibility |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Falls | Smartwatch | Apple | Watch Series 7 [87] |
Detect user idleness for about a minute. It begins a 30-s countdown while tapping you on the wrist and sounding an alert. | Blood oxygen, electric HR, optical HR, GPS, compass, microphone, altimeter, and horn. | Approved/2018 /98%/(Only for ECG) | No |
| Smartwatch | Watchseniors | Plus 4 G [88] |
Detect falls, trajectories, and user location. | Blood pressure sensor, temperature sensor, and heart rate sensor | Unknown | Yes | |
| Smart Phone | Freeus | FallSafety [89] |
Detect user falls with automatic generation of alerts to the emergency systems. | Information not available | Unknown | Yes | |
| Belt | Fallskip | TF11-MP005-ES [90] |
Assess the risk of falling in older adults. | IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) | Unknown/Unknow/75% | No | |
| Pendant pager | Neki | Nock Senior [91] |
Fall detector with GPS locator monitorable with its application on the cell phone. | Fall detector sensor | Unknown | Yes | |
| Static voice-enabled device | Amazon | Alexa together [92] |
Virtual assistant equipped with functions that help the user in case of falls. | Speech processor | Unknown | Yes | |
| Wristband | MyNotifi® | MYNOTIFI FALL DETECTION SYSTEM [93] |
Detect falls and alert the user’s family and friends if a fall occurs. | AI sensor | Class I (Exempt)/2020/73% | Yes | |
| Vision system in Bedside | VIRTUSENSETM | VSTOne [94] |
Predict a crash around 30–65 s before it occurs. | AI and LiDAR sensors |
Unknown/Unknown/98% | No | |
| Tremor | Smartwatch | Microsoft | Emma Watch [95] |
Reduce tremors associated with Parkinson’s disease. | Movement is regulated by a sensorimotor feedback loop involving the perception of movement and position of the body. | Unknown | No |
| Smartwatch | Detekt | PKG watch (The Parkinson’s KinetiGraph) [96] |
Analyze user movements throughout the day and output a graph that allows the doctor to analyze and compare user movement speed and overall user capability to move throughout the day. | Gyroscopic stabilization | 510(k) Cleared/2014/96% | No | |
| Smartwatch | Parkinson Smartwatch |
Parkinson Smartwatch [97] |
User (i.e., patient) manually records information on their perception of well-being during the day (for example, after taking their medication). The information that is recorded on the device is sent to the cloud, where it is stored. The user and their doctor have online access to the graphs of the data recorded from anywhere in the world using a computer, tablet, or mobile phone. | Information not available | Unknown | No | |
| Glove | Steadiwear | Steadi-Two [98] |
Reduce tremor magnitude using two magnets to control a disk that moves in the opposite direction of the tremor. | The technology is based on a seismic design and works similarly to a see-saw in a park. The disk, which is controlled by magnets, responds to the tremor by providing an equal and opposite force, lowering its magnitude. | Class I/2021/80% | No | |
| Handheld Therapeutic device |
VILIM | VILIM ball [99] |
Reduces the hand tremors of the patient while performing daily tasks. | Embedded algorithm that analyzes tremors and adapts to each patient’s symptoms individually. | Unknown | Yes | |
| Hand Tremor Device |
Five Microns® | Tremelo [100] |
Reduces intermediate-degree tremors in the arms and hands by 85 to 90%. | Non-invasive and mechanical (no electricity: no batteries) device relying on vibration absorbers and tuned mass damper. | Class 1/Unknown/90% | No | |
| Spoon | GYENNO | GYENNO SPOON [101] |
Stabilize unwanted tremors by 85% to stop intentional hand movement and help people with PD or tremors to eat more easily. | Intelligent rehabilitation robotics, Intelligent high-speed servo control system, algorithm technology of unmanned aerial vehicles, and self-adapted ML. | Unknown | Yes | |
| Wristband | Parkinson’s KinetiGraph (PKG) |
PKGTM [102] |
Collect data on motor disabilities and other complications caused by PD (e.g., slowness of movement, tremor, stiffness). | Sensors that monitor the wearer’s activity and buzzes for medication reminders. | Cleared/Unknown/Unknown | No | |
| Wristband | The Cala Trio therapy |
Cala Trio™ [103] |
Deliver electrical stimulation—also known as neuromodulation—to the nerves in the effective wrist. The stimulation disrupts the tremor network in the brain and delivers meaningful tremor reduction in the affected hand. | Information not available | Cleared Class II /2020/68% | No | |
| Seizures | Bed | EpiUSA | Emfit Movement Monitor [104] |
Nightly monitoring of a person’s movements to alert their caregivers if necessary. | Motion sensor installed in a pad, which is installed under the patient’s mattress. | Unknown | No |
| Bed | MedPage | BMA-01 [105] |
Detect certain types of movements (e.g., muscular spasms) that people make while sleeping using a movement-sensing alarm. | Sophisticated software algorithms that continually analyze the signals produced by a special sensor positioned under the bed mattress, even a memory foam type. | Unknown | No | |
| Bed | Epi USA | Emfit [106] |
Detect most movements, including light movements in patients with epileptic disease. The company states that this product is also suitable for small children. | Flexible and durable bed sensor, a bedside monitor, a bed clip, and a wall bracket. The movement monitor detects movement over a preset amount of time and triggers an alarm if a person moves more than it expects. | Unknown | No | |
| Bracelet | Empatica | Embrace 2 [107] |
Detect seizures | Information not available | FDA cleared/2018/98% | Yes | |
| Video monitor | SAMi | SAMi-3 [108] |
Process and record patient movements in real-time. Send alerts to caregivers in case of patient seizures. | Information not available | Unknown | Yes |