Table 4. ASQ-3 Problem Solving and Personal Social Outcomes at 1 and 3 Years Following Injurya,b.
| Characteristic | ASQ-3 score, mean (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Problem solving | Personal social | |||
| 12 mos | 36 mos | 12 mos | 36 mos | |
| Injury group | ||||
| Mild TBI | −1.0 (−3.9 to 2.0) | NC | −0.8 (−3.4 to 1.8) | NC |
| cMild/moderate TBI | 0.2 (−2.9 to 3.3) | NC | 0.5 (−2.3 to 3.2) | NC |
| Severe TBI | −6.6 (−11.2 to −1.9) | NC | −6.3 (−10.4 to −2.1) | NC |
| Orthopedic injury | [Reference] | [Reference] | [Reference] | [Reference] |
| Female | 1.4 (−1.0 to 3.8) | NC | 1.2 (−0.9 to 3.3) | NC |
| Premature birth | −2.0 (−7.8 to 3.8) | −1.6 (−6.7 to 3.4) | −2.8 (−7.1 to 1.4) | 2.0 (−2.2 to 6.3) |
| Age at injury/abuse | ||||
| < 1 y, Abuse | −11.3 (−19.2 to −3.4) | −12.0 (−22.6 to −1.5) | −9.2 (−18.1 to −0.2) | −16.2 (−27.0 to −5.4) |
| < 1 y, No abuse | −4.9 (−9.3 to −0.6) | −1.5 (−5.0 to 2.0) | −1.4 (−4.1 to 1.3) | −0.9 (−3.7 to 1.8) |
| > 1 y | [Reference] | [Reference] | [Reference] | [Reference] |
| Family function (1-point increase) | 0.9 (−2.0 to 3.7) | NC | −0.4 (−2.9 to 2.0) | NC |
| Social Capital Index (1-point increase) | 1.2 (0.1 to 2.3) | NC | 0.5 (−0.4 to 1.5) | NC |
Abbreviations: ASQ-3, Ages & Stages Questionnaire-3; cMild, complicated mild; NC, no change in the estimate from 12 to 36 months; TBI, traumatic brain injury.
Model estimates reflect estimated mean differences between the specified subgroup and the reference group for categorical variables. Model estimates for family function and social capital reflect the mean change in outcomes for a 1-point increase in the score.
Model estimates that differ across time points (eg, age at injury/abuse) reflect results that varied over time due to an interaction between the main outcome and time. Those that are constant across time (eg, injury group) reflect no interaction between the main outcome and time. The eAppendix in Supplement 1 provides details on main outcomes and interactions with time included in each outcome model.