Table 2. Single Variable and Multivariable Models for Time to Death Within 90 Days, Time to Liberation From Mechanical Ventilation Within 90 Days, and Time to Hospital Discharge Alive Within 90 Days Before and After Propensity Score Matchinga.
| Factors | OR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mechanical ventilation | Hospital discharge | ||||||||
| Before matching | After full matching and doubly robust estimation | Before matching | After full matching and doubly robust estimation | Before matching | After full matching and doubly robust estimation | ||||
| Single variable (separate models for each factor) | Multiple variable | Single variable (separate models for each factor) | Multiple variable | Single variable (separate models for each factor) | Multiple variable | ||||
| COVID-19 | 1.21 (1.04-1.41) | 1.15 (0.96-1.38) | 1.04 (0.81-1.35) | 0.72 (0.63-0.81) | 0.72 (0.63-0.83) | 0.81 (0.65-1.00) | 0.71 (0.63-0.80) | 0.74 (0.64-0.84) | 0.83 (0.68-1.01) |
| Age, y, 1-IQR increment | 1.64 (1.47-1.82) | 1.60 (1.42-1.80) | NA | 0.71 (0.66-0.77) | 0.75 (0.70-0.81) | NA | 0.72 (0.67-0.77) | 0.76 (0.70-0.82) | NA |
| Male sex | 1.17 (1.01-1.37) | 1.13 (0.96-1.33) | NA | 0.85 (0.76-0.96) | 0.91 (0.81-1.02) | NA | 0.88 (0.78-0.98) | 0.93 (0.83-1.05) | NA |
| Body mass index, 1-IQR incrementb | 0.84 (0.77-0.92) | 0.81 (0.73-0.90) | NA | 1.08 (1.02-1.13) | 1.09 (1.03-1.14) | NA | 1.06 (1.01-1.12) | 1.08 (1.02-1.13) | NA |
| Minoritized race | 0.91 (0.79-1.06) | 0.96 (0.81-1.13) | NA | 0.99 (0.88-1.11) | 1.01 (0.89-1.14) | NA | 0.98 (0.87-1.10) | 0.99 (0.88-1.12) | NA |
| Hispanic ethnicity | 0.93 (0.71-1.22) | 1.02 (0.75-1.37) | NA | 0.89 (0.72-1.09) | 0.91 (0.72-1.13) | NA | 0.87 (0.71-1.07) | 0.91 (0.72-1.13) | NA |
| SOFA score | 0.99 (0.96-1.03) | 1.00 (0.97-1.04) | NA | 1.00 (0.98-1.03) | 1.01 (0.99-1.04) | NA | 1.00 (0.98-1.03) | 1.01 (0.98-1.03) | NA |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 1.08 (1.05-1.10) | 1.07 (1.05-1.10) | NA | 0.93 (0.92-0.95) | 0.93 (0.91-0.95) | NA | 0.94 (0.93-0.96) | 0.94 (0.92-0.96) | NA |
| Pao2/Fio2, mm Hg, 1-IQR increment | 0.68 (0.61-0.76) | 0.64 (0.56-0.72) | NA | 1.20 (1.14-1.26) | 1.21 (1.14-1.27) | NA | 1.22 (1.16-1.28) | 1.22 (1.16-1.29) | NA |
Abbreviations: FiO2, fraction of inspired oxygen; HR, hazard ratio; NA, not applicable; OR, odds ratio; Pao2, partial pressure of oxygen; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.
a
Propensity-score models used robust standard error estimates and adjust for all factors listed in the table for doubly robust estimation.
b
Body mass index is calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.