Table 1. Characteristics of the 358 Patients Categorized by Pretransplant Frailty as Defined by an LFI Score of 4.5 or Higher.
| Patient characteristicsa | No. (%) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All (n = 358 [100%]) | Frailty index categories | |||
| Frailty (≥4.5) (n = 68 [19%]) | No frailty (<4.5) (n = 290 [81%]) | |||
| Age, median (IQR), y | 60 (53-65) | 60 (54-66) | 60 (53-64) | .36 |
| Female | 115 (32) | 26 (38) | 89 (31) | .23 |
| Male | 243 (68) | 42 (62) | 201 (69) | .23 |
| Race and ethnicity | ||||
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 24 (7) | 2 (3) | 22 (8) | .004 |
| Black | 20 (6) | 1 (2) | 19 (7) | |
| Hispanic White | 55 (15) | 4 (6) | 51 (17) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 245 (68) | 60 (87) | 185 (64) | |
| Other | 14 (4) | 1 (2) | 13 (4) | |
| BMI, median (IQR) | 28 (25-32) | 29 (26-35) | 28 (25-32) | .16 |
| Etiology of liver disease | ||||
| Chronic hepatitis C | 76 (21) | 13 (19) | 63 (22) | .03 |
| Alcohol | 81 (23) | 11 (16) | 70 (24) | |
| Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease | 102 (28) | 30 (44) | 72 (25) | |
| Cholestatic | 42 (12) | 7 (10) | 35 (12) | |
| Other | 57 (16) | 7 (11) | 50 (17) | |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 127 (36) | 16 (24) | 111 (38) | .02 |
| MELDNa, median (IQR) | ||||
| At assessment | 18 (12-23) | 21 (15-26) | 17 (12-22) | <.001 |
| At transplant | 22 (16-28) | 26 (19-31) | 21 (15-27) | <.001 |
| Last LFI (pretransplant), median (IQR) | 3.9 (3.4-4.3) | 4.9 (4.7-5.4) | 3.7 (3.3-4.1) | <.001 |
| Albumin level, median (IQR), g/dL | 3.2 (2.7-3.7) | 2.9 (2.5-3.5) | 3.2 (2.8-3.8) | <.001 |
| Ascites | 140 (39) | 41 (60) | 99 (34) | <.001 |
| Liver encephalopathy | 188 (54) | 43 (67) | 145 (51) | .02 |
| Transplant characteristics | ||||
| SLK | 17 (5) | 5 (7) | 12 (4) | .26 |
| LDLT | 66 (18) | 8 (12) | 58 (20) | .12 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); LDLT, living donor liver transplantation; LFI, Liver Frailty Index; MELDNa, Model for End-stage Liver Disease-Sodium; SLK, simultaneous liver kidney transplant.
SI conversion factor: To convert albumin to g/L, multiply by 10.
a
Mann-Whitney or χ2 tests.