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. 2023 Jan 13;12(2):302. doi: 10.3390/cells12020302

Figure 4.

Figure 4

CTGF contributes to liver fibrosis in the 3D liver co-culture fibrosis model. Blue bars represent mRNA expression data. Red bars represent results of IHC analysis and green bars represent data based on ELISA analyses. (A–C) CTGF treatment significantly increased the production of COL1A1, TGF-β1 and CTGF, as revealed by IHC (n = 4); (3 experiments with PHH donor 1 and 1 experiment with PHH donor 2; NPC from donor 3 were used in all 4 experiments). (D) Pro-collagen I α1 release was not affected by the CTGF treatment (n = 3) (E) COL1A1, LOX and IL6 mRNA levels were increased after a 7-day CTGF treatment, although the changes in LOX and IL6 expression did not reach statistical significance (n = 3, 2 experiments with the PHH donor 1 and 1 experiment with PHH donor 2; NPC from donor 3 in all 3 experiments). Every dot represents data from 1 experiment. Every dot in the red bars represents an average of at least 10 analyzed sections of spheroids per experiment. The size of the spheroids is marked with a white scale bar of 100 μm. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis—Student’s t-test; * p < 0.05; ns: not significant.