Table 4. Segmented Regression Analysis of Service Utilization Rates Before vs After March 13, 2020a.
| Mode of service delivery | β (95% CI)b | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Depressive disorder | Anxiety disorders | Bipolar disorder | Adjustment disorders | PTSD | |
| In-person service utilization | |||||
| Pre–COVID-19c | |||||
| Slope | 0.01 (−0.15 to 0.17) | −0.14 (−0.32 to 0.04) | 0.06 (0.00 to 0.12) | 0.07 (−0.12 to 0.25) | 0.11 (−0.00 to 0.23) |
| Post–COVID-19d | |||||
| Intercept | −3.62 (−4.68 to −2.55) | −3.14 (−4.61 to −1.67) | −1.38 (−2.03 to −0.73) | −4.91 (−6.45 to −3.36) | −1.25 (−2.12 to −0.37) |
| Slope | 0.00 (−0.04 to 0.03) | −0.01 (−0.06 to 0.04) | 0.00 (−0.02 to 0.02) | −0.05 (−0.09 to 0.00) | −0.02 (−0.07 to 0.02) |
| Telehealth service utilization | |||||
| Pre–COVID-19c | |||||
| Slope | −0.01 (−0.03 to 0.00) | 0.00 (−0.02 to 0.02) | 0.01 (0.00 to 0.02) | 0.00 (−0.01 to 0.01) | 0.00 (0.00 to 0.01) |
| Post–COVID-19d | |||||
| Intercept | 3.45 (2.37 to 4.52) | 4.76 (3.39 to 6.12) | 1.08 (0.75 to 1.42) | 2.64 (1.61 to 3.67) | 1.58 (0.88 to 2.29) |
| Slope | 0.09 (0.06 to 0.12) | 0.14 (0.06 to 0.23) | 0.01 (0.00 to 0.03) | 0.13 (0.09 to 0.17) | 0.03 (0.00 to 0.05) |
| Total service utilization | |||||
| Pre–COVID-19c | |||||
| Slope | 0.00 (−0.17 to 0.16) | −0.14 (−0.32 to 0.05) | 0.07 (0.01 to 0.13) | 0.07 (−0.12 to 0.26) | 0.12 (0.00 to 0.24) |
| Post–COVID-19d | |||||
| Intercept | −1.46 (−2.98 to 0.06) | 1.62 (0.18 to 3.06) | −0.29 (−0.95 to 0.36) | −0.98 (−2.44 to 0.48) | 0.34 (−0.87 to 1.55) |
| Slope | 0.09 (0.04 to 0.13) | 0.13 (0.03 to 0.23) | 0.01 (−0.01 to 0.03) | 0.08 (0.02 to 0.14) | 0.00 (−0.05 to 0.06) |
Abbreviation: PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder.
Segmented regression included demographic covariates as well as state and week fixed effects. Service utilization rates were defined as the number of weekly beneficiaries using services per 10 000 enrollees.
The β coefficient represents the change in number of beneficiaries per 10 000 enrollees on a weekly basis.
The pre–COVID-19 slope represents the week-over-week change in service utilization rates from January 5 through March 12, 2020.
The post–COVID-19 intercept represents the immediate change in service utilization rates for the week of March 13, 2020, compared with the previous week. The post–COVID-19 slope represents the week-over-week change in service utilization rates from March 13 through March 20, 2020.