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. 2023 Jan 11;12(2):277. doi: 10.3390/cells12020277

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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A hypothetical illustration of tumor metastasis being a systemic disease involving tissue inflammation-triggered secretion of eHsp90α. A primary tumor from the organ of its origin is unable to succeed on metastasis without chronic damage of a distant organ, such as IPF lung. The chronic inflammation of the damaged organ attracts and welcomes circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to their new home. Participation of tissue damage-triggered secretion of eHsp90α in tumor metastasis has been supported by recent studies.