Table 1.
Patient characteristics for all included patients and PSM pairs.
| Characteristics | All Included Patients | PSM Patients | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Open | VATS | p-Value | Open | VATS | p-Value | |
| Age, year ± SD | 57.6 ± 9.52 | 61.33 ± 8.54 | 0.031 | 63.09 ± 9.9 | 62.03 ± 8.03 | 0.293 |
| Sex, n (%) | 0.664 | 0.695 | ||||
| Male | 82 (64.1) | 47 (61) | 38 (59.3) | 36 (56.2) | ||
| FEV1%, mean ± SD | 90.50 ± 16.64 | 88.94 ± 16.98 | 0.008 | 87.16 ± 12.8 | 88.35 ± 17.2 | 0.579 |
| DLCO%, mean ± SD | 65.92 ± 13.76 | 67.34 ± 15.24 | 0.599 | 61.7 ± 12.56 | 68.09 ± 16.43 | 0.105 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||||
| Hypertension | 28 (21.9) | 19 (24.7) | 0.739 | 19 (29.6) | 17(26.5) | 0.653 |
| Diabetes | 17 (13.3) | 7 (9.1) | 0.041 | 7 (11) | 7 (11) | 1 |
| Cardiac disease | 21 (16.4) | 5 (6.5) | 0.039 | 5 (7.8) | 3 (4.6) | 0.358 |
| COPD | 25 (19.5) | 19 (24.7) | 0.385 | 10 (15.6) | 12 (18.7) | 0.633 |
| Smoking history, n (%) | 103 (80.5) | 65 (84.4) | 0.106 | 51 (79.7) | 54 (84.4) | 0.080 |
| cTm size, mm ± SD | 54.12 ± 35.77 | 31.16 ± 17.33 | 0.002 | 37.84 ± 20.8 | 35.01 ± 17.2 | 0.714 |
| cTNM, n (%) | 0.033 | 0.435 | ||||
| IIIA | 77(60.2) | 58 (75.3) | 43 (67.2) | 48 (75) | ||
| IIIB | 51 (39.8) | 19 (24.7) | 21(32.8) | 16 (25) | ||
| Induction therapy, n (%) | 128 (100) | 77 (100) | 1 | 64 (100) | 64 (100) | 1 |
| Time from preoperative therapy to surgery (days) | 95 (72–135) | 91(72–128) | 0.723 | 92 (72–130) | 89 (72–126) | 0.642 |
| Tumor location, n (%) | 0.880 | 0.983 | ||||
| Right upper | 50 (39.1) | 32 (41.6) | 27 (42.2) | 25 (39.1) | ||
| Right middle | 4 (3.1) | 4 (5.2) | 3 (4.7) | 4 (6.3) | ||
| Right lower | 21 (16.4) | 15 (19.5) | 11 (17.2) | 10 (15.6) | ||
| Left upper | 34 (26.6) | 17 (22.1) | 15 (23.4) | 17 (26.5) | ||
| Left lower | 16 (12.5) | 10 (13) | 8 (12.5) | 8 (12.5) | ||
| Surgical procedure | ||||||
| Lobectomy | 47 (36.7) | 59 (76.6) | 24 (37.5) | 48 (75) | ||
| Bilobectomy | 28 (21.9) | 10 (13) | 13 (20.3) | 8 (12.5) | ||
| Pneumonectomy | 32 (25) | 3 (3.9) | 16 (25) | 3 (4.7) | ||
| Sleeve lobectomy | 21 (16.4) | 5 (6.5) | 11 (17.2) | 5 (7.8) | ||
VATS: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery; SD: standard deviation; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; DLCO: diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. p values in bold are statistically significant.