Table 3.
Perioperative outcomes of all included patients and PSM pairs.
| Perioperative Event | All Included Patients | PSM Patients | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Open | VATS | p-Value | Open | VATS | p-Value | |
| Conversion to open, n (%) | 12 (15.6) | 10 (15.6) | ||||
| Any complication, n (%) | 50 (39.1) | 23 (29.9) | 0.183 | 21 (32.8) | 13 (20.3) | 0.109 |
| Air leak > 5 days | 14 (11) | 10 (12.9) | 0.533 | 5 (7.8) | 5 (7.8) | 1 |
| Atrial arrhythmia | 6 (4.7) | 3 (3.9) | 0.879 | 3 (4.7) | 2 (3.1) | 1 |
| Pneumonia | 11 (8.6) | 5 (6.5) | 0.786 | 4 (6.2) | 3 (4.7) | 1 |
| ARDS, n (%) | 6 (4.7) | 2 (2.6) | 0.713 | 4 (6.2) | 2 (3.1) | 0.679 |
| BPF, n (%) | 6 (4.7) | 0 (0) | 0.148 | 3 (4.7) | 0 (0) | 0.244 |
| Pleural effusion, n (%) | 7 (5.4) | 3 (3.9) | 0.936 | 2 (3.1) | 1 (1.6) | 1 |
| Reoperation, n (%) | 12 (9.4) | 3 (3.9) | 0.129 | 3 (4.7) | 1 (1.6) | 0.619 |
| Surgery time, min, median (range) | 180 (60–520) | 175 (60–430) | 0.199 | 180 (60–348) | 180 (60–330) | 0.827 |
| Blood loss, mL, median (range) | 140 (50–2200) | 130 (50–1200) | 0.956 | 195 (50–1500) | 140 (50–1100) | 0.023 |
| Chest tube duration, days, median (range) | 3 (2–20) | 2 (1–22) | 0.311 | 3 (2–20) | 2 (1–15) | 0.160 |
| Length of stay, days, median (range) | 8 (3–40) | 4 (2–45) | <0.0001 | 7 (5–40) | 4 (2–35) | <0.0001 |
| 30 days in hospital death | 2 (1.5) | 1 (1.3) | 1 | 1 (1.6) | 0 (0) | 1 |
VATS: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery; ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; BPF: Bronchopleural fistula. p values in bold are statistically significant.