Table 2. Articles Examining Care Partner Access and Use of the Patient Portal.
| Study characteristic | Adolescents | Adults |
|---|---|---|
| Panel A: care partner registration for the portal | ||
| No. of articles | 1 | 6 |
| Health care professional | ||
| Academic medical center | 1 | 3 |
| Integrated managed care consortium | 0 | 2 |
| Not reported | 0 | 1 |
| Inclusion criteria | ||
| Registered users | 1 | 3 |
| Cohort defined by health condition | 0 | 3 |
| Care partner registration, % | ||
| <1 | 1a | 1 |
| 1-3 | 0 | 5 |
| >3 | 1a | 0 |
| Panel B: care partner use of the portal | ||
| No. of articles | 3 | 10 |
| Data source | ||
| Electronic medical record | 3 | 4 |
| Survey | 0 | 6 |
| Health care professional | ||
| Academic medical center | 3 | 3 |
| Integrated managed care consortium | 0 | 2 |
| Not reported | 0 | 5 |
| Proportion of care partners using the portal, % | ||
| <10 | 0 | 2 |
| 10-30 | 0 | 3 |
| >30 | 3 | 5 |
| Panel C: care partner engagement in direct messaging through the portal | ||
| No. of articles | 1 | 5 |
| Health care professional | ||
| Academic medical center | 0 | 2 |
| Integrated managed care consortium | 0 | 1 |
| Other/not reported | 1 | 2 |
| Inclusion criteria | ||
| Registered users | 1 | 3 |
| Cohort defined by health condition | 0 | 2 |
| Care partner direct messaging | ||
| Using own identity credentials, % | ||
| <1 | 0 | 1 |
| 1-3 | 0 | 2 |
| Using patient identity credentials, % | ||
| <5 | 0 | 1 |
| 5-20 | 0 | 1 |
| 21-60 | 1 | 2 |
a
Steitz et al38 differentiated delegates from surrogates. Delegates were defined as proxies for adults; surrogates were defined as proxies for children or adolescents younger than 18 years.