Table 4. Linear Regression Estimates for the Association Between Carotid Atherosclerosis and Better Ear 4-Frequency PTA Threshold Among ARIC Study Participants, by Sexa.
| Panel | β (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Female | Male | |
| Carotid atherosclerosis and PTA | ||
| Participants, No. | 2146 | 1448 |
| Mean cIMT, 0.1 mm | 0.51 (−0.06 to 1.08) | 0.67 (0.03 to 1.31) |
| Plaque presence | 0.99 (−0.72 to 2.71) | 0.09 (−1.72 to 1.90) |
| Carotid atherosclerosis and PTA with interaction terms between mean cIMT and plaque presence and female sex (n = 3594) | ||
| Mean cIMT | 0.62 (0.05 to 1.19) | 0.57 (−0.01 to 1.15) |
| Plaque presence | 0.70 (−0.99 to 2.39) | 0.54 (−1.21 to 2.30) |
Abbreviations: ARIC, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study; BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); cIMT, carotid intima-media thickness; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; PTA, pure tone average.
a
All models were adjusted for age,2 sex, race and center, and education level, BMI, smoking status, presence of hypertension, diabetes, HDL and LDL cholesterol, and use of cholesterol lowering medication. Missing covariates imputed in analyses: education, 4; BMI, 169; smoking status, 65; hypertension, 110; HDL cholesterol, 186; LDL cholesterol, 229; cholesterol lowering medication, 171; occupational noise, 70; diabetes, 172; plaque presence, 1580.