Table 2.
Summary of Surgical Detail.
| Study Name | Total N Patients | Tumour Size at Diagnosis (cm)-Mean | Local Excision | Radical Excision | Surgical Approach | Margin Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R0/% | R1/% | R2/% | ||||||
| Yong et al. [16] | 29 | - | - | 29 | Transanal 7/29 Laparoscopic 2/29 Open 20/29 |
15 of 29/51.7% | 10 of 29/34.5% | - |
| Yang et al. [17] | 101 | 6.18 ± 3.02 | 95 | 6 | Transanal 5/101 Laparoscopic 14/101 Open 82/101 |
97 of 101/96% | 4 of 101/4% | |
| Qin et al. [18] | 17 | 6.4 ± 2.2 | - | 17 | - | 17 of 17/100% | 0 of 17/0% | |
| Liu et al. [19] | 21 | 4.96 ± 3.02 | 15 | 6 | - | 16 of 21/76.2% | 5 of 21/23.8% | - |
| Ling et al. [20] | 68 | - | 50 | 14 | - | - | ||
| Emoto et al. [21] | 20 | 6.5 ± 3 | 4 | 16 | Transanal 4/20 Laparoscopic 15/20 Open 1/20 |
17 of 20/85% | 3 of 20/15% | |
| Bai et al. [22] | 42 | 2.87 ± 1.61 | 42 | - | Transanal 42/42 Laparoscopic 0/42 Open 0/42 |
42 of 42/100% | 0 of 42/0% | |
| Yang et al. [23] | 64 | - | 29 | 35 | Transanal 29/64 Laparoscopic N/a Open N/a Nontransanal 35/64 |
63 of 64/98.4% | 1 of 64/1.6% | |
| Shu et al. [24] | 71 | - | 42 | 29 | - | 56 of 71/78.9% | 15 of 71/21.2% | 0 of 71/0% |
| Romain et al. [25] | 35 | - | 35 | Transanal 9/35 Laparoscopic 3/35 Open 23/35 |
30 of 35/85.7% | 4 of 35/11.4% | 1 of 35/2.9% | |
| Ijzerman et al. [26] | 109 | 6.5 ± 3.67 | 46 | 63 | - | 67 of 109/61.5% | 31 of 109/28.4% | 10 of 109/9.2% |
| Guo et al. [27] | 64 | - | 39 | 25 | - | 63 of 64/98.4% | 1 of 64/1.6% | |
| Stuart et al. [28] | 48 | - | 48 | - | - | |||
| Zhu et al. [29] | 282 | - | 144 | 138 | - | 219 of 282/77.7% | 3 of 282/1.1% | |
| Yasui et al. [30] | 24 | 4.8 ± 2.38 | 9 | 14 | Transanal 1/24 Laparoscopic 0/24 Open 23/24 |
22 of 24/91.7% | 1 of 24/4.2% | 1 of 24/4.2% |
| Hawkins et al. [31] | 321 | 4.0 ± 0.8 | 163 | 158 | - | 247 of 321/76.9% | 74 of 321/23.1% | |
| Cavnar et al. [32] | 47 | - | 23 | 24 | - | 33 of 47/70.2% | 12 of 47/25.5% | 2 of 47/4.3% |
| Zanwar et al. [33] | 18 | 6 ± 2.45 | 4 | 14 | - | 17 of 18/94.4% | 0 of 18/0% | 1 of 18/5.6% |
| Wilkinson et al. [34] | 13 | 7⋅6 ± 2.6 | 13 | - | 12 of 13/92.3% | 0 of 13/0% | 1 of 13/7.7% | |
| Shen et al. [35] | 45 | 6.0 ± 3 | 21 | 24 | - | 43 of 45/95.6% | 2 of 45/4.4% | 0 of 45/0% |
| Liu et al. [1] | 21 | 6.53 ± 2.45 | 13 | 8 | - | 17 of 21/81% | 4 of 21/19% | |
| Huynh et al. [36] | 41 | 6.3 ± 3.1 | 18 | 23 | - | 22 of 41/53.7% | 13 of 41/31.7% | 4 of 41/9.8% |
| Xiao et al. [37] | 21 | 7.5 ± 6.4 | 10 | 11 | - | 21 of 21/100% | 0 of 21/0% | |
| Tielen et al. [5] | 32 | 9.2 ± 12.75 | 7 | 25 | Transanal 2/32 Laparoscopic N/a Open N/a Nontransanal 30/32 |
24 of 32/75% | 6 of 32/18.8% | 2 of 32/6.3% |
| Agaimy et al. [38] | 15 | 4.8 ± 2.17 | 7 | 8 | - | 6 of 15/40% | 2 of 15/13.3% | 6 of 15/40% |
| Dong et al. [39] | 29 | 5.0 ± 4.4 | 14 | 15 | Transanal 14/29 Laparoscopic 0/29 Open 15/29 |
29 of 29/100% | 0 of 29/0% | |
| Hassan et al. [40] | 14 | - | 5 | 9 | Transanal 4/14 Laparoscopic 0/14 Open 10/14 |
14 of 14/100% | 0 of 14/0% | |
| Changchien et al. [41] | 42 | - | 13 | 29 | - | - | ||