Table 2. Baseline characteristics of patients in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait.
| Saudi Arabia (N = 155) |
Kuwait (N = 70) |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| CV history | |||
| Subjects with any CV condition, n (%) | 148 (95.5) | 61 (87.1) | |
| 95% CI | 91.0, 97.8 | 77.3, 93.1 | |
| CV condition, n (%) | |||
| Coronary artery disease | 136 (87.7) | 46 (65.7) | |
| Hypertension | 118 (76.1) | 51 (72.9) | |
| Myocardial infarction | 96 (61.9) | 36 (51.4) | |
| Congestive heart failure | 16 (10.3) | 3 (4.3) | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 7 (4.5) | 4 (5.7) | |
| Transient ischemic attack | 6 (3.9) | 2 (2.9) | |
| Peripheral artery disease | 5 (3.2) | 2 (2.9) | |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 4 (2.6) | 8 (11.4) | |
| Deep vein thrombosis | 2 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Intermittent claudication | 1 (0.6) | 3 (4.3) | |
| Diabetes, n (%) | |||
| Diabetic | 97 (62.5) | 41 (58.5) | |
| Type 1 | 3 (1.9) | 1 (1.4) | |
|
Type 2
|
93 (60.0) | 40 (57.1) | |
| Non-diabetic | 58 (37.4) | 29 (41.4) | |
| Unknown | 1 (0.6) | ||
| FH, n (%) | |||
| Diagnosed | 25 (16.1) | 4 (5.7) | |
| 95% CI | 11.2, 22.7 | 2.2, 13.8 | |
| Not diagnosed | 32 (20.6) | 13 (18.6) | |
| Unknown | 98 (63.2) | 53 (75.7) | |
| Among those diagnosed with FH, n (%) | |||
| Heterozygous | 19 (12.3) | 4 (5.7) | |
| Homozygous | 6 (3.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Method of FH diagnosis, n (%) | |||
| Simon Broome | 3 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Dutch Lipid Clinic Network | 19 (12.3) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Genetic testing | 1 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | |
| LDL-C | 5 (3.2) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Other | 1 (0.6) | 4 (5.7) | |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | |||
| n | 149 | 62 | |
| Mean ± SD | 3.6 ± 1.4 | 3.1 ± 1.4 | |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 3.2 (2.8–4.1) | 2.8 (2.3–3.6) | |
| Range | 0.7–9.5 | 1.0–9.9 | |
| HbA1c with diabetes, mmol/mol | |||
| n | 74 | 26 | |
| Mean ± SD | 8.6 ± 1.8 | 8.3 ± 2.1 | |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 8.5 (7.1–9.4) | 7.6 (7.0–9.8) | |
| Range | 6.0–13.8 | 5.4–12.8 | |
| HbA1c without diabetes, mmol/mol | |||
| n | 30 | 16 | |
| Mean ± SD | 6.0 ± 0.8 | 5.7 ± 0.5 | |
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 5.9 (5.6–6.3) | 5.7 (5.1–6.1) | |
| Range | 4.8–9.1 | 4.9–6.5 | |
| History of statin intolerance, n (%) | 12 (7.7) | 26 (37.1) | |
| Baseline blood pressure, mm/Hg | |||
| Diastolic | 77.7 | 76.6 | |
| Systolic | 133.8 | 137.3 | |
| Statin use, n (%) | |||
| Overall | 147 (94.8) | 60 (85.7) | |
| Low-moderate intensity a | 21 (13.5) | 10 (14.3) | |
| High intensity b | 126 (81.3) | 49 (70.0) | |
| Ezetimibe use, n (%) | 48 (31.0) | 15 (21.4) | |
| Evolocumab use at initiation, n (%) | |||
| 140 mg Q2W | 155 (100.0) | 70 (100.0) | |
| Pre-filled syringe | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Autoinjector | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| SURECLICK® injector 1.5 | 155 (100.0) | 70 (100.0) | |
| 420 mg QM | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
aAtorvastatin ≤20 mg, pitavastatin ≤20 mg, pravastatin 20 mg, pravastatin 40 mg; rosuvastatin 20 mg, simvastatin 40 mg
bAtorvastatin 40 mg, atorvastatin 80 mg, rosuvastatin 40 mg, rosuvastatin 20 mg.
CI: Confidence interval; CV: Cardiovascular; FH: Familial hypercholesterolemia; HbA1c: Hemoglobin A1C; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; Q: Quartile; Q2W: Every 2 weeks; QM: Every month; SD: Standard deviation.