Table 2.
Analysis of live birth outcomes after cancer diagnosis and fertility-sparing surgery by cancer type
| Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics | Cervical Cancer (n=639) | Ovarian Cancer (n=594) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Live Birth (n=110) | No Live Birth (n=529) | P Value | Live Birth (n=115) | No Live Birth (n=479) | P Value | |
| Age (years), n (%) | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||
| 18–35 | 99 (21.9) | 354 (78.1) | 109 (24.4) | 338 (75.6) | ||
| 36–45 | 11 (5.9) | 175 (94.1) | * | * | ||
| Diagnosis year, n (%) | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||
| 2000–2005 | 63 (23.3) | 207 (76.7) | 75 (29.4) | 180 (70.6) | ||
| 2006–2012 | 47 (12.7) | 322 (87.3) | 40 (11.8) | 299 (88.2) | ||
| SES, n (%) | 0.42 | 0.05 | ||||
| Lowest | 14 (12.3) | 100 (87.7) | 22 (28.9) | 54 (71.1) | ||
| Lower-middle | 18 (16.4) | 92 (83.6) | 29 (23.8) | 93 (76.2) | ||
| Middle | 22 (18.5) | 97 (81.5) | 19 (13.7) | 120 (86.3) | ||
| Upper-middle | 33 (21.2) | 123 (78.8) | 21 (16.4) | 107 (83.6) | ||
| Highest | 23 (16.4) | 117 (83.6) | 24 (18.6) | 105 (81.4) | ||
| Charlson comorbidity score, n (%) | <0.01 | 0.35 | ||||
| Score=0 | 62 (13.7) | 389 (86.3) | 105 (20.2) | 414 (79.8) | ||
| Score≥1 | * | * | * | * | ||
| Unknown | 44 (28.8) | 109 (71.2) | * | * | ||
| Insurance, n (%) | 0.90 | 0.88 | ||||
| Public | 17 (16.3) | 87 (83.7) | 16 (20.8) | 61 (79.2) | ||
| Private | 72 (16.8) | 356 (83.2) | 79 (19.0) | 337 (81.0) | ||
| Uninsured/self-pay | * | * | * | * | ||
| Other/unknown | 17 (20.0) | 68 (80.0) | 14 (18.2) | 63 (81.8) | ||
| Marital status, n (%) | 0.02 | 0.40 | ||||
| Single | 41 (14.1) | 250 (85.9) | 53 (17.1) | 257 (82.9) | ||
| Married | 57 (22.4) | 198 (77.6) | 51 (22.1) | 180 (77.9) | ||
| Other† | * | * | * | * | ||
| Unknown | * | * | * | * | ||
| Race or ethnicity, n (%) | 0.03 | 0.23 | ||||
| American Indian | * | * | 0 (0.0) | * | ||
| Asian or Pacific Islander | * | * | 29 (22.5) | 100 (77.5) | ||
| Hispanic | 37 (21.0) | 139 (79.0) | 45 (22.8) | 152 (77.2) | ||
| Non-Hispanic Black | * | * | * | * | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 54 (16.5) | 273 (83.5) | 33 (14.6) | 193 (85.4) | ||
| None of the above | * | 13 (65.0) | * | * | ||
| Rurality, n (%) | 0.46 | 0.11 | ||||
| Rural | 12 (20.7) | 46 (79.3) | * | 37 (90.2) | ||
| Urban | 98 (16.9) | 483 (83.1) | 111 (20.1) | 442 (79.9) | ||
| Parity, n (%) | <0.01 | 0.01 | ||||
| 0 | 71 (14.8) | 409 (85.2) | 100 (20.2) | 396 (79.8) | ||
| 1 | 24 (34.3) | 46 (65.7) | 13 (27.7) | 34 (72.3) | ||
| ≥2 | 15 (16.9) | 74 (83.1) | * | * | ||
| Cancer stage, n (%) | 0.03 | 0.37 | ||||
| 1A | 96 (18.8) | 414 (81.2) | 91 (20.2) | 360 (79.8) | ||
| 1B | 14 (10.9) | 115 (89.1) | NA | NA | ||
| 1C | NA | NA | 24 (16.8) | 119 (83.2) | ||
| Histology, n (%)‡ | 0.97 | 0.01 | ||||
| Adenocarcinoma | 29 (17.6) | 136 (82.4) | NA | NA | ||
| Adenosquamous carcinoma | * | * | NA | NA | ||
| Squamous carcinoma | 74 (17.1) | 358 (82.9) | NA | NA | ||
| Endometrioid adenocarcinoma | NA | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Germ cell | NA | NA | 54 (26.1) | 153 (73.9) | ||
| Sex cord stromal | NA | NA | * | * | ||
| Epithelial | NA | NA | 53 (15.4) | 291 (84.6) | ||
| None of the above | * | * | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Chemotherapy, n (%) | 1.00 | 0.97 | ||||
| Yes | 0 (0.0) | * | 38 (19.5) | 157 (80.5) | ||
| No | 110 (17.4) | 522 (82.6) | 75 (19.2) | 315 (80.8) | ||
| Unknown | 0 (0.0) | * | * | * | ||
| Hormonal therapy, n (%) | 0.83 | 0.48 | ||||
| Yes | 0 (0.0) | * | * | * | ||
| No | 110 (17.2) | 528 (82.8) | 114 (19.3) | 477 (80.7) | ||
| Unknown | 0 (0.0) | * | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
SES, socioeconomic status; NA, not applicable.
Live birth was defined as a live birth that had been conceived 3 months after the cancer diagnosis and fertility-sparing surgery. The three births that occurred among patients with a history of endometrial cancer are not presented because of the low number of results to protect the confidentiality of individuals represented in these data. Those who had prior radiation or were diagnosed after 2012 were excluded from analysis, due to contraindication to attempting a live birth and lack of data, respectively.
Values are not shown to protect the confidentiality of the individuals summarized in the data.
”Other” marital status included separated, divorced, widowed, unmarried, or in a domestic partnership.
Specific histology codes are listed in Appendix 2 (http://links.lww.com/xxx).