Table 1.

Definition of the parameters measured by texture analyzer.

Parameters	Definition	Unit
Hardness	Maximum strength peak for the first extrusion cycle	N
Adhesiveness	The area of the curve in the negative direction of the coordinate axis between two extrusion cycles	mJ
Springiness	The ratio of the positive peak area of the second extrusion cycle to the positive peak area of the first extrusion cycle	mm
Cohesiveness	The ratio of the height of the second compression to that of the first compression	Ratio
Gumminess	Hardness × Cohesiveness	N
Chewiness	Hardness × Cohesiveness × Springiness	mJ