Table 2.
Characteristics of the included trials and participants.
| Included Studies | Mean Age (Years) | Participants (M/F) | Sample Size (N) | Intervention | Intervention Duration (Weeks) | Session Duration | Session Frequency | Outcome Measure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Guadagni et al., 2020 [15] | 65.9 | 206 (101/105) | IG = 103; CG = 103 | Aerobic | 48 | 60 min | 3 times/week | MoCA |
| Song et al., 2019 [19] | 75.78 | 120 (30/90) | IG = 60; CG = 60 | Aerobic | 16 | 60 min | 3 times/week | MoCA |
| Nagamatsu et al., 2012 [18] | 75.36 | 58 (0/58) | IG = 30; CG = 28 | Aerobic | 26 | 60 min | 2 times/week | TMT |
| Ten Brinke et al., 2015 [20] | 75.78 | 27 (0/27) | IG = 14; CG = 13 | Aerobic | 26 | 60 min | 2 times/week | MMSE; MoCA |
| Voss et al., 2013 [21] | 64.87 | 70 (25/45) | IG = 35; CG = 35 | Aerobic | 52 | 40 min | 3 times/week | MMSE |
| Albinet et al., 2010 [11] | 70.65 | 24 (11/13) | IG = 12; CG = 12 | Aerobic | 12 | 60 min | 3 times/week | MMSE; WCST |
| Fabre, 2002 [14] | 65.55 | 16 (3/13) | IG = 8; CG = 8 | Aerobic | 8 | 60 min | 2 times/week | WMS |
| Mortimer et al., 2012 [16] | 68 | 60 (20/40) | IG = 30; CG = 30 | Aerobic | 40 | 50min | 3 times/week | TMT; WAIS; SCWT |
| Muscari et al., 2010 [17] | 69.2 | 120 (62/58) | IG = 60; CG = 60 | Aerobic | 52 | 60 min | 3 times/week | MMSE |
| Albinet et al., 2016 [10] | 66.53 | 36 (10/26) | IG = 19; CG = 17 | Aerobic | 21 | 60 min | 2 times/week | MMSE; SCWT |
| Antunes et al., 2015 [12] | 66.97 | 46 (46/0) | IG = 23; CG = 23 | Aerobic | 26 | 60 min | 3 times/week | WAIS |
| Karen et al., 2015 [13] | 64.58 | 40 (0/40) | IG = 23; CG = 17 | Aerobic | 26 | 60 min | 3 times/week | MMSE; WCST |
| Lan Li et al., 2021 [26] | 70.48 | 84 (33/51) | IG = 42; CG = 42 | Resistance | 24 | 30min | 5 times/week | MMSE; MoCA |
| Tsai et al., 2015 [29] | 71.4 | 48 (48/0) | IG = 24; CG = 24 | Resistance | 52 | 60 min | 3 times/week | MMSE |
| Yoon et al., 2017 [30] | 76 | 30 (not stated) | IG = 23; CG = 7 | Resistance | 12 | 60 min | 2 times/week | MMSE; MoCA |
| Liu-Ambrose et al., 2010 [27] | 69.62 | 101 (0/101) | IG = 52; CG = 49 | Resistance | 52 | 60 min | 2 times/week | MMSE; TMT; SCWT |
| Liu-Ambrose et al., 2012 [28] | 69.31 | 52 (0/52) | IG = 15; CG = 17 | Resistance | 52 | 60 min | 2 times/week | MMSE |
| Cassilhas et al., 2007 [23] | 68.08 | 62 (62/0) | IG = 39; CG = 23 | Resistance | 24 | 60 min | 3 times/week | WMS; WAIS |
| Kimura et al., 2010 [25] | 74.33 | 119 (49/70) | IG = 65; CG = 54 | Resistance | 12 | 90 min | 2 times/week | MMSE |
| Ansai et al., 2015 [22] | 82.7 | 46 (16/30) | IG = 23; CG = 23 | Resistance | 16 | 60 min | 3 times/week | MoCA |
| Singh et al., 2014 [24] | 70.1 | 49 (33/16) | IG = 22; CG = 27 | Resistance | 26 | 75min | 2–3 times/week | WMS; WAIS |
M, man; W, woman; IG, intervention group; CG, control group; MMSE, the Mini-Mental State Examination; MoCA, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment; WAIS, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale; WMS, the Wechsler Memory Scale; WCST, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test; TMT, the Trail Making Tests; SCWT, the Stroop Color and Word Test.