Table 4.
Summary of cognitive task results.
| Cognitive Task | Parameter | Group | Baseline | Post 1 | Change Post1-Base (%) | Post 2 | Change Post2-Post1 (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CRT | Accuracy | G-Nor | 0.98 ± 0.01 | 0.97 ± 0.03 | −1.0 | ||
| G-Con | 0.95 ± 0.08 | 0.93 ± 0.1 | −2.1 | ||||
| G-Int | 0.96 ± 0.05 | 0.97 ± 0.05 | +1.0 | 0.97 ± 0.04 | 0 | ||
| RT (ms) † | G-Nor | 491 ± 61 | 495 ± 67 | +0.8 | |||
| G-Con | 587 ± 136 | 551 ± 121 | −6.1 | ||||
| G-Int | 593 ± 121 | 535 ± 83 ** | −9.8 | 521 ± 86 *** | −2.6 | ||
| Pattern comparison | Accuracy CO †† | G-Nor | 0.97 ± 0.02 | 0.95 ± 0.04 * | −2.1 | ||
| G-Con | 0.98 ± 0.03 | 0.97 ± 0.03 | −1.0 | ||||
| G-Int | 0.98 ± 0.04 | 0.99 ± 0.03 | +1.0 | 0.97 ± 0.04 | −2.0 | ||
| RT CO (ms) | G-Nor | 975 ± 121 | 949 ± 145 | −2.7 | |||
| G-Con | 1371 ± 467 ∆∆ | 1353 ± 388 ∆∆ | −1.3 | ||||
| G-Int | 1277 ± 393 p=0.06 | 1198 ± 331 | −6.2 | 1128 ± 281 | −5.8 | ||
| Accuracy IN | G-Nor | 0.94 ± 0.03 | 0.94 ± 0.03 | 0 | |||
| G-Con | 0.97 ± 0.03 | 0.96 ± 0.03 | −1.0 | ||||
| G-Int | 0.97 ± 0.03 ∆∆ | 0.98 ± 0.02 ∆∆ | +1.0 | 0.96 ± 0.03 | −2.0 | ||
| RT IN (ms) † | G-Nor | 1006 ± 130 | 974 ± 164 | −3.2 | |||
| G-Con | 1277 ± 378 | 1275 ± 391 | −0.2 | ||||
| G-Int | 1244 ± 315 | 1156 ± 243 | −7.1 | 1079 ± 213 *** | −6.7 | ||
| Simon | Accuracy CO | G-Nor | 0.98 ± 0.01 | 0.99 ± 0.01 | +1.0 | ||
| G-Con | 1.0 ± 0.01 ∆§ | 1.0 ± 0.01 ∆§ | 0 | ||||
| G-Int | 0.99 ± 0.01 | 0.99 ± 0.02 | 0 | 0.99 ± 0.01 | 0 | ||
| RT CON (ms) | G-Nor | 448 ± 59 | 449 ± 64 | +0.2 | |||
| G-Con | 515 ± 128 | 509 ± 131 | −1.2 | ||||
| G-Int | 511 ± 125 | 473 ± 88 | −7.4 | 477 ± 134 | +0.8 | ||
| Accuracy IN | G-Nor | 0.95 ± 0.03 | 0.95 ± 0.04 | 0 | |||
| G-Con | 0.97 ± 0.03 | 0.96 ± 0.04 | −1.0 | ||||
| G-Int | 0.97 ± 0.03 | 0.97 ± 0.02 | 0 | 0.97 ± 0.03 | 0 | ||
| RT IN (ms) | G-Nor | 479 ± 72 | 459 ± 66 | −4.2 | |||
| G-Con | 532 ± 100 | 525 ± 99 | −1.3 | ||||
| G-Int | 539 ± 123 | 507 ± 86 p=0.13 | −5.9 | 494 ± 134 ** | −2.6 | ||
| Psychomotor task | Time-on-target (%) † | G-Nor | 92.8 ± 1.8 | 90.3 ± 5.0 | −2.7 | ||
| G-Con | 92.6 ± 2.6 | 93.9 ± 2.2∆ | +1.4 | ||||
| G-Int | 93.1 ± 2.9 | 93.4 ± 2.3 | +0.3 | 93.3 ± 3.3 | −0.1 | ||
| Mean deviation | G-Nor | 14.7 ± 1.5 | 14.5 ± 1.7 | −1.4 | |||
| G-Con | 18.4 ± 4.7 ∆ | 18.3 ± 4.8 ∆ | −0.5 | ||||
| G-Int | 17.2 ± 2.3 | 16.6 ± 2.5 | −3.5 | 16.3 ± 2.3 | −1.8 | ||
| Corsi | Total score ††† | G-Nor | 53.1 ± 8.6 | 65.0 ± 16.2 *** | +22.4 | ||
| G-Con | 44.5 ± 10.7 ∆∆∆ | 43.3 ± 12.8 ∆∆ | −2.7 | ||||
| G-Int | 43.5 ± 10.4 ∆∆∆ | 41.4 ± 9.9 ∆∆ | −4.8 | 43.6 ± 10.4 ∆∆∆ | +5.3 | ||
| Longest sequence † | G-Nor | 7.8 ± 0.7 | 8.2 ± 0.9 p=0.09 | +5.1 | |||
| G-Con | 6.9 ± 1.3 ∆∆ | 7.0 ± 1.0 ∆∆ | +1.4 | ||||
| G-Int | 7.1 ± 0.9 ∆∆ | 6.9 ± 0.8 ∆∆ | −2.8 | 7.0 ± 0.7 ∆∆ | +1.4 |
Notes: CO: Congruent trials; IN: Incongruent trials; RT: Response time; † Significant time–group interaction (p < 0.05) †† Significant time–group interaction (p < 0.01) ††† Significant time–group interaction (p < 0.001); ∆ Significantly different from G-Nor (p < 0.05) ∆∆ Significantly different from G-Nor (p < 0.01) ∆∆∆ Significantly different from G-Nor (p < 0.001); § Significantly different from G-Int (p < 0.05); * Significantly different from Baseline (p < 0.05) ** Significantly different from Baseline (p < 0.01) *** Significantly different from Baseline (p < 0.001).