Table 5.
Kruskal-Wallis test results for e-learning, hybrid, and face-to-face learning methods.
| Domain | Mean (M) | Standard Deviation (SD) | Types of Clusters | Mean Rank (MR) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E-learning | 2.99 | 1.133 | A | 293.22 | <0.001 |
| B | 364.23 | ||||
| C | 354.14 | ||||
| D | 400.58 | ||||
| E | 360.85 | ||||
| F | 517.83 | ||||
|
Hybrid
(Blended learning) |
3.19 | 0.922 | A | 396.27 | 0.992 |
| B | 369.64 | ||||
| C | 381.37 | ||||
| D | 391.76 | ||||
| E | 374.07 | ||||
| F | 382.11 | ||||
| Face to face (F2F) | 2.83 | 1.171 | A | 402.18 | <0.001 |
| B | 446.76 | ||||
| C | 424.46 | ||||
| D | 348.74 | ||||
| E | 391.49 | ||||
| F | 215.47 |
Kruskal-Wallis (p-value) at level of significance (α = 0.05).