Table 1.
Distributions of baseline patient characteristics of the sugammadex and neostigmine groups.
| Original Cohort | Matched Cohort | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neostigmine n = 952 |
Sugammadex n = 1635 |
ASMD | Neostigmine n = 892 |
Sugammadex n = 892 |
ASMD | |||||
| Age, years | 53.9 | 16.2 | 56.5 | 16.1 | 0.28 | 53.6 | 16.0 | 54.9 | 16.5 | 0.08 |
| <20 | 10 | 1.1 | 10 | 0.6 | 0.14 | 4 | 0.5 | 9 | 1.0 | 0.07 |
| 20–39 | 172 | 18.1 | 263 | 16.1 | 170 | 19.1 | 165 | 18.5 | ||
| 40–59 | 380 | 39.9 | 580 | 35.5 | 359 | 40.3 | 346 | 38.8 | ||
| ≥60 | 390 | 41.0 | 782 | 47.8 | 359 | 40.3 | 372 | 41.7 | ||
| Sex, male | 494 | 51.9 | 703 | 43.0 | 0.18 | 452 | 50.7 | 440 | 49.3 | 0.03 |
| Body mass index, kg·m−2 | 25.1 | 4.7 | 25.5 | 4.9 | 0.09 | 25.2 | 4.7 | 25.2 | 4.7 | <0.01 |
| Body mass index ≥ 30 kg·m−2 | 432 | 45.4 | 799 | 48.9 | 0.07 | 411 | 46.1 | 413 | 46.3 | <0.01 |
| ASA physical status | 0.04 | 0.06 | ||||||||
| I | 165 | 17.3 | 299 | 18.3 | 160 | 17.9 | 191 | 21.4 | ||
| II | 757 | 79.5 | 1292 | 79.0 | 714 | 80.0 | 676 | 75.8 | ||
| III or IV | 30 | 3.2 | 44 | 2.7 | 18 | 2.0 | 25 | 2.8 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 145 | 15.2 | 261 | 16.0 | 0.02 | 125 | 14.0 | 129 | 14.5 | 0.01 |
| Preoperative blood tests | ||||||||||
| Creatinine, mg·dL−1 | 1.00 | 1.24 | 0.85 | 0.28 | 0.51 | 0.85 | 0.25 | 0.90 | 0.29 | 0.18 |
| AST, U·L−1 | 26.5 | 24.2 | 27.0 | 30.0 | 0.34 | 26.5 | 24.5 | 26.4 | 24.4 | <0.01 |
| ALT, U·L−1 | 28.3 | 28.2 | 29.6 | 33.3 | 0.36 | 28.4 | 28.3 | 29.8 | 29.7 | 0.05 |
| Type of surgery | 0.17 | 0.09 | ||||||||
| Gastrointestinal | 162 | 17.0 | 330 | 20.2 | 155 | 17.4 | 183 | 20.5 | ||
| Orthopedic | 274 | 28.8 | 466 | 28.5 | 159 | 29.0 | 248 | 27.8 | ||
| Otolaryngological | 101 | 10.6 | 140 | 8.6 | 94 | 10.5 | 92 | 10.3 | ||
| Gynecological or urological | 194 | 20.4 | 288 | 17.6 | 177 | 19.8 | 165 | 18.5 | ||
| Neurological | 76 | 8.0 | 187 | 11.4 | 74 | 8.3 | 78 | 8.7 | ||
| Other | 145 | 15.2 | 224 | 13.7 | 133 | 14.9 | 126 | 14.1 | ||
| Type of volatile anesthetics | <0.01 | 0.01 | ||||||||
| Sevoflurane | 669 | 70.3 | 1149 | 70.3 | 627 | 70.3 | 623 | 69.8 | ||
| Desflurane | 292 | 30.7 | 503 | 30.8 | 274 | 30.7 | 278 | 31.2 | ||
| Intravenous anesthetics | ||||||||||
| Fentanyl dose, µg | 110.8 | 52.2 | 113.6 | 52.9 | 0.21 | 112.8 | 52.3 | 110.6 | 50.3 | 0.04 |
| Rocuronium dose, mg | 59.4 | 29.4 | 70.1 | 30.3 | 0.47 | 62.6 | 27.0 | 62.9 | 25.1 | 0.01 |
| Neostigmine, mg | 2.6 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | NA | 2.6 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| Glycopyrrolate, mg | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.13 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.17 |
| Sugammadex, mg | 0 | 0 | 144.3 | 36.2 | NA | 0 | 0 | 143.9 | 36.7 | NA |
Values were mean ± standard deviation or counts (percent). ALT = alanine aminotransferase; ASA = American Society of Anesthesiologists; ASMD = absolute standardized mean difference; AST = aspartate aminotransferase; NA = not applicable.