FIGURE 9.

Schematic model on the proposed role of TGM2 in regulating TRIM21‐mediated ubiquitination/degradation of STAT1 in GC malignant progression. Cytosolic TGM2 upregulates STAT1 stability by facilitating the dissociation of TRIM21 and STAT1 in the GTP‐binding manner, thus promoting GC malignant progression. And A23187 treatment shows anti‐tumor efficacy by increasing the intracellular Ca²⁺, which favors relieving the binding of TGM2 and GTP and reverses the role of TGM2 in STAT1 ubiquitination/degradation. Abbreviations: GC, gastric cancer; TGM2, transglutaminase 2; GTP, guanosine triphosphate; Ub, ubiquitin.