Fig. 2.

Upregulation of autophagy and dilated cardiomyopathy pathway in MYL4 mutants. (A, B) t-SNE plot of single-cell clusters in combined WT and mutant populations. The mutant unique cluster (#2,7,4) is circled in red. (C) t-SNE overlay of atrial lineage maker MYH6 expressed in cardiomyocyte fraction. (D) Dotplot heatmap showed GO biological process terms enriched in cluster marker genes. (E, F) t-SNE plot of MYH6 high group in combined WT and mutant populations and selected transcription factor network activity AUC score cluster distributions. (G) Violin plots of selected top differentially expressed genes between WT and mutant lines in autophagy pathway. (H) Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of top different genes expression in MYL4 p.E11K rat atrium tissue. Atg8a = autophagy-related protein 8a; Atg10 = autophagy related 10; Hspa8 = heat shock protein family A member 8; Map1b = microtubule associated protein 1B. Other abbreviations are the same as those in Fig. 1. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Two-tailed Student's t-test is used to compare two groups; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001; for MYL4+/+ group, n = 4, for MYL4 ± and MYL4−/−group, n = 8. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)