Table 1.
Echocardiographic data.
| CTRL (n = 10) | T1DM (n = 11) | T2DM (n = 12) | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (bpm) | 446.67 ± 24.16 | 463.55 ± 49.13 | 442.25 ± 40.34 | 0.428 |
| LVEDD (mm) | 4.06 ± 0.08 | 4.40 ± 0.20 | 3.95 ± 0.23 | <0.001 |
| LVESD (mm) | 2.82 ± 0.07 | 3.41 ± 0.19 | 2.75 ± 0.30 | <0.001 |
| EF (%) | 58.33 ± 2.32 | 45.63 ± 3.84 | 58.41 ± 6.55 | <0.001 |
| FS (%) | 30.45 ± 1.63 | 22.60 ± 2.29 | 30.57 ± 4.49 | <0.001 |
| GLS (%) | −21.49 ± 1.33 | −13.93 ± 3.38 | −18.49 ± 2.99 | <0.001 |
| E (mm/sec) | 639.98 ± 88.09 | 702.06 ± 78.32 | 587.87 ± 73.18 | 0.008 |
| A (mm/sec) | 399.20 ± 54.74 | 422.69 ± 57.17 | 411.68 ± 80.27 | 0.756 |
| E/A | 1.62 ± 0.3 | 1.65 ± 0.19 | 1.47 ± 0.27 | 0.256 |
| E′ (mm/sec) | −25.18 ± 3.10 | −21.68 ± 3.97 | −18.44 ± 4.96 | 0.005 |
| E/E′ | 25.6 ± 3.5 | 33.10 ± 5.62 | 33.35 ± 7.24 | 0.009 |
| E′/A′ | 1.15 ± 0.26 | 0.77 ± 0.11 | 0.97 ± 0.23 | 0.002 |
| IVSd (mm) | 0.65 ± 0.06 | 0.62 ± 0.05 | 0.59 ± 0.04 | 0.067 |
| LVPWd (mm) | 0.63 ± 0.07 | 0.64 ± 0.07 | 0.62 ± 0.05 | 0.628 |
Values are mean ± SD. HR, heart rate; LVEDD, left ventricular end diastolic diameter; LVESD, left ventricular end systolic diameter; EF, ejection fraction; FS, fractional shortening; GLS, global longitudinal strain; IVSd, interventricular septum at end diastole; LVPWd, left ventricular posterior wall at end diastole.