Table 3.
Anthropometric, biochemical/hormonal parameters, IR, and liver steatosis indices of PCOS and control groups stratified by BMI.
| Variables | Control Group BMI < 25 kg/m2 (n = 28) |
Control Group BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (n = 12) |
p-Value | PCOS Group BMI < 25 kg/m2 (n = 24) |
PCOS Group BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (n = 23) |
p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SBP (mmHg) | 111.20 ± 6.72 | 116.75 ± 8.66 | 0.067 | 111.28 ± 8.64 | 119.48 ± 9.09 | 0.007 |
| WC (cm) | 67.41 ± 8.19 | 69.04 ± 7.17 | <0.001 | 68.61 ± 4.43 | 83.22 ± 8.89 | <0.001 |
| HC (cm) § | 94.35 ± 6.55 | 103.83 ± 9.30 | <0.001 | 96.00 (7.00) | 109.00 (11.00) | <0.001 |
| WHtR | 0.43 ± 0.04 | 0.51 ± 0.02 | <0.001 | 0.42 ± 0.03 | 0.52 ± 0.05 | <0.001 |
| GGT (U/L) § | 9 (5) | 10 (6.5) | 0.602 | 10.00 (4.50) | 15.00 (9.00) | 0.014 |
| FAI § | 1.89 (2.13) | 2.4 (1.3) | 0.384 | 2.76 (2.14) | 4.92 (4.68) | 0.009 |
| QUICKI | 0.35 ± 0.02 | 0.33 ± 0.02 | 0.002 | 0.34 ± 0.02 | 0.32 ± 0.02 | 0.012 |
| HOMA-IR § | 1.58 (0.94) | 2.56 (2.09) | 0.006 | 2.01 (1.04) | 2.98 (2.48) | 0.012 |
| G/I ratio | 11.67 ± 5.66 | 6.94 ± 2.42 | 0.002 | 9.69 ± 3.41 | 6.56 ± 2.52 | 0.002 |
| ALT (U/L) § | 13 (6) | 11 (5.25) | 0.439 | 13.00 (7.00) | 20.00 (11.00) | 0.040 |
| LFS § | −2.38 (1.32) | −1.56 (1.20) | 0.011 | −1.97 (1.03) | −1.20 (1.67) | 0.007 |
| FLI § | 0.36 (0.37) | 4.76 (3.62) | <0.001 | 0.37 (0.63) | 19.71 (22.92) | <0.001 |
| LAP | 8.98 ± 5.43 | 21.57 ± 2.42 | <0.001 | 8.07 ± 4.38 | 24.55 ± 11.41 | <0.001 |
| HSI § | 29.11 (4.47) | 35.86 (3.62) | <0.001 | 29.24 (2.33) | 40.10 (6.40) | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; IR, insulin resistance; PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome; SBP, systolic blood pressure; WC, waist circumference; HC, hip circumference; WHtR, waist to height ratio; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; FAI, free androgen index; G/I ratio, glucose to insulin ratio; QUICKI, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; LFS, liver fat score; FLI, fatty liver index; LAP, lipid accumulation product; HSI, hepatic steatosis index. Values refer to mean ± standard deviation and t-test or § median (interquartile range) and Mann–Whitney U. Bold indicates statistically significant differences.