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. 2023 Jan 11;24(2):1422. doi: 10.3390/ijms24021422

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Schematic leptin signaling pathways involved in cancer. Phosphorylation of JAK2 and Akt activate ERK pathway that phosphorylates AP-1, increasing translation of VEGF, IL-1, and MCP-1, among other proinflammatory cytokines. See Section 2.1 and Section 3.2.3 for details.