Table 2.
Literature review: pre-, intra-, and postoperative characteristics.
| Author | AFP (>400 ng/mL), n. |
AFP, Mean ± SD | Total Bilirubin, Mean ± SD | Tumor Size, cm | Surgical Procedure | Mortality, n | Overall Survival, % | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1-Year | 3-Year | 5-Year | |||||||
| Satoh et al. [31] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 12 (70.59) | NA | NA | NA |
| Shiomi et al. [38] | NA | 73.87 ± 72.89 | 6.9 ± 1.8 mg/dL | 6.1 ± 1.2 | 1 right hepatic trisegmentectomy with caudate lobectomy; 5 right hepatic lobectomies with caudate lobectomy; 6 left hepatic lobectomies with caudate lobectomy; 1 right anterior segmentectomy; 1 right anterior segmentectomy with caudate lobectomy; 1 segmentectomy S5; 1 S4; 1 S1 | 11 (64.70) | NA | 47 | 28 |
| Peng et al. [39] | 7 (87.5) | NA | Ra 68.4–436.4 umol/L | Ra 2–9 | 3 hepatectomies with removal of the tumor thrombus; 1 hepatectomy combined with extrahepatic bile duct resection; 3 thrombectomies through a choledochotomy; 1 orthotopic liver transplantation | 7 (87.5) | 62.5 | 37.5 | NA |
| Esaki et al. [40] | NA | NA | 5 ± 7.3 mg/dL | NA | 7 left hepatectomies; 1 lateral segmentectomy; 6 right hepatectomies; 1 central bisegmentectomy; 3 medial segmentectomies; 1 anterior segmentectomy | NA | 79 | 45 | 33 |
| Shao et al. [41] | 16 (59.3) | NA | 116.4 ± 135.4 umol/L | NA | 1 right anterior resection; 2 right posterior resections; 4 right hepatectomies; 8 left hepatectomies; 1 left hepatectomy with caudate lobectomy; 3 left lateral resections; 2 left medial resections; 6 partial resections | 1 (3.70) | NA | NA | NA |
| Yu et al. [42] | 9 (45) | 2651.85 ± 6135.32 | 123.25 ± 142.06 mol/L | 3.65 ± 2.4 | 5 hepatectomies with thrombectomy; 7 hepatectomies with thrombectomy and T-tube drainage; 6 hepatectomies with resection of the common bile duct and hepaticojejunostomy; 2 liver transplantations | 6 (30) | 73.1 | 20.6 | NA |
| Noda et al. [43] | 12 (55) | NA | NA | 59% were ≤5 cm; 41% were >5 cm | 16 lobectomies; 6 surgically noncurative procedures | 0 (0) | 62 | 30 | 30 |
| Moon et al. [44] | NA | 25,280.10 ± 109,395.40 | 5.7 ± 5.9 mg/dL | 5.8 ± 3.7 | 25 right hemihepatectomies ± caudate lobectomy; 4 right trisectionectomies ± caudate lobectomy; 29 left hemihepatectomies ± caudate lobectomy; 1 posterior sectionectomies; 2 anterior sectionectomies; 4 lateral sectionectomies; 2 central bisectionectomies; 1 S5-S6 bisegmentectomy; 1 isolated caudate lobectomy; 4 nonsystematic hepatectomies; 2 partial hepatectomies; 1 partial caudate lobectomy; 1 S8 subsegmentectomy | 3 (4.11) | 76.5 | 41.4 | 32 |
| Oba et al. [45] | NA | 2193.25 ± 2815.06 | NA | 6.37 ± 4.01 | 4 left hepatectomies; 4 right hepatectomies; 1 right hepatectomy and segment 2/3 limited resection; 1 central bisegmentectomy; 1 right trisegmentectomy; 1 anterior segmentectomy; 1 posterior segmentectomy; 6 bile duct resections and bilioenteric anastomosis | 7 (53.85) | 92 | 77 | 48 |
| Wong et al. [34] | NA | 50 (Ra 2–63,320) | 29.05 ± 15 umol/L | 9.5 ± 6 | 34 major hepatectomies; 3 left lateral sectionectomies | 1 (2.7) | 69.4 | 54.3 | 38.5 |
| Rammohan et al. [46] | 28 (71.7) | NA | 6.1 ± 5.1 mg/dL | 5.6 ± 3.2 | 16 right hepatectomies with thrombectomy; 10 extended right hepatectomies with extrahepatic bile duct excision; 9 left hepatectomies; 2 extended left hepatectomies; 2 left lateral segmentectomies | 2 (5.1) | 82 | 48 | 10 |
| Ha et al. [35] | 14 (100) | 2043.1 ± 5528.6 | 5.1 ± 5.2 mg/dL | 3.9 ± 1.9 | 13 living-donor transplantations; 1 deceased-donor transplantation | 1 (7.14) | 92.9 | 57.1 | 50 |
| Kasai et al. [47] | NA | 5.31 ± 13.02 | 1.2 ± 0.8 mg/dL | 5.8 ± 3.5 | 41 bisectionectomies; 3 monosectionectomies; 7 combined BDRs | 2 (4.54) | NA | NA | 31 |
| Chotirosniramit et al. [48] | NA | 12,673.82 ± 12,499.87 | 11.3 ± 6.45 mg/dL | 8.2 ± 4.2 | 2 right trisectionectomies + bile duct resection + caudate resection; 1 left trisectionectomy + bile duct resection + caudate resection; 1 right hepatectomy + bile duct resection; 4 left hepatectomies + bile duct resection; 3 right hepatectomies; 4 left hepatectomies + CBD exploration to remove BDTT; 1 left hepatectomy; 2 CBD explorations to remove BDTT and palliative biliary drainage; 1 no operation; | 0 (0) | NA | 60 | NA |
| Kim et al. [36] | NA | 754.25 ± 451.5 | 2.85 ± 1.03 | NA | 121 right hemihepatectomies; 7 right trisectionectomy; 81 left hemihepatectomies; 2 left trisectionectomies; 5 posterior sectionectomies; 12 anterior sectionectomies; 8 left lateral sectionectomies; 3 left medial sectionectomies; 6 central bisectionectomies; 10 nonsystematic resections; 2 liver transplantations | NA | 74.5 | 52.9 | 43.6 |
| Lin et al. [49] | NA | NA | NA | NA | 25 radical resections; 7 thrombectomies through a choledochotomy; 17 palliative internal and external bile duct drainages | NA | 42.86 | 18.37 | 12.24 |
| Zhou et al. [9] | 2 (28.57) | 1497.03 ± 3503.20 | 91.36 ± 80.92 umol/L | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Zhou et al. [17] | 39 (67.24) | NA | NA | 4.60 ± 1.02 | 36 simple hepatectomies; 11 hepatectomies plus bile duct excision | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Sun et al. [50] | 46 (38.33) | NA | 149.4 ± 129.75 | 5.05 ± 2.75 | 19 right hepatectomies; 35 left hepatectomies; 6 left lateral sectionectomies; 13 right sectionectomies; 47 non-anatomic resections; | 3 (2.5) | NA | NA | NA |
| Wu et al. [8] | 27 (90) | NA | 15.9 ± 4.15 umol/L | 7.4 ± 3.05 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Conticchio et al. | 1 (100) | 2157 | 0.9 mg/dL | 1.8 | Segmentectomy S3 | 0 (0) | NA | NA | NA |
Abbreviations: AFP, α-fetoprotein; NA, Not Available; Ra, Range; BDR, bile duct resection; CBD, common bile duct.