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. 2023 Jan 9;24(2):1258. doi: 10.3390/ijms24021258

Table 1.

Locations and biological functions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 as well as the diseases related to the enzymes.

MMP Expressed Cells Biological Functions Related Diseases
MMP-2

  • Cardiomyocyte

  • Smooth muscle

  • Platelet

  • Fibroblast

  • Osteosarcoma

  • Cerebral neuron

  • Endothelial cell

  • Keratinocyte

  • Anti-inflammation

  • Cell migration through activate p38-MAPK/ML/SHP27 signaling

  • Elevation of collagen affinity, epithelial cell migration

  • Enhancement of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)

  • Neuronal apoptosis and growth of axons

  • Proliferation and cleaving of IGF-1 binding proteins

  • Facilitation of Aβ clearance

  • Cancer

  • Alzheimer’s disease

  • Inflammation

  • Asthma

  • Fibrosis

  • Cardiovascular disease
MMP-9

  • Leukocyte

  • Cardiomyocyte

  • Retinal endothelial cell

  • Osteoclast

  • Cerebral neuron

  • Megakaryocyte

  • Anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory activity

  • Increase in collagen affinity

  • Reduction of IL-2 response

  • Activation of TGF-β in cancer progression

  • Apoptosis of hypertrophic chondrocytes

  • Increase in sAPPα and facilitation of Aβ clearance

  • Cancer

  • Alzheimer’s disease

  • Inflammation