Table 2.
Total scores on LCADL and PCFS, and results from experimental pain measurements from the complete sample, as well as those separated by the presence or absence (CSI < 40) of symptoms of central sensitization (CSI ≥ 40). Abbreviations: CPM: conditioned pain modulation, CSI: central sensitization inventory, LCADL: London chest activity of daily living, PFCS: post-COVID-19 functional status scale, PPT: pressure pain threshold, and TS: temporal summation.
| Variable | Level | Total Sample (n = 42) | CSI Score < 40/100 (n = 15) | CSI Score ≥ 40/100 (n = 27) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | Male/Female | 28.6%/71.4% | 46.7%/53.3% | 18.5%/81.5% |
| Age (years) | 48 (SD: 12) | 49 (SD: 15) | 48 (SD: 11) | |
| Time since COVID-19 (days) | 190.5 (Q1–Q3: 117–360) | 184 (Q1–Q3: 96–200) | 212 (Q1–Q3: 127–387) | |
| PPT Trapezius | 4.37 (Q1–Q3: 3.12–5.60) | 5.21 (Q1–Q3: 3.89–7.22) | 3.96 (Q1–Q3: 2.82–5.05) | |
| PPT Quadriceps | 4.43 (Q1–Q3: 3.40–6.49) | 6.21 (Q1–Q3: 3.82–9.13) | 4.33 (Q1–Q3: 3.28–5.88) | |
| TS Trapezius | 3 (Q1–Q3: 1.25–4) | 3 (Q1–Q3: 1.5–3) | 4 (Q1–Q3: 1.5–5) | |
| TS Quadriceps | 4 (Q1–Q3: 2–5) | 3 (Q1–Q3: 2.5–4) | 4 (Q1–Q3: 2–5.5) | |
| CPM Trapezius | 1.17 (Q1–Q3: 0.53–1.75) | 1.36 (Q1–Q3: 0.90–1.75) | 0.94 (Q1–Q3: 0.50–1.57) | |
| CPM Quadriceps | 1.30 (Q1–Q3: 0.58–2.24) | 0.89 (Q1–Q3: 0.47–1.87) | 1.52 (Q1–Q3: 0.77–2.31) | |
| LCADL | 22/75 (Q1–Q3: 17.25–27.50 | 15 (Q1–Q3: 15–17.5) | 25 (Q1–Q3: 22.5–32.5) | |
| PCFS patient | Grade 0 | 9.5% | 26.7% | 0.0% |
| Grade 1 | 16.7% | 33.3% | 7.4% | |
| Grade 2 | 35.7% | 26.7% | 40.7% | |
| Grade 3 | 33.3% | 13.3% | 44.4% | |
| Grade 4 | 4.8% | 0.0% | 7.4% | |
| PCFS physician | Grade 0 | 4.8% | 13.3% | 0.0% |
| Grade 1 | 14.3% | 33.3% | 3.7% | |
| Grade 2 | 33.3% | 26.7% | 37.0% | |
| Grade 3 | 42.8% | 20.0% | 55.5% | |
| Grade 4 | 2.4% | 0.0% | 3.7% | |
| Unknown | 2.4% | 6.7% | 0.0% |