Table 2.
Laboratory and CMR parameters of patients at baseline and follow up.
| Parameter | Baseline (n = 55) | Follow up (n = 55) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abnormal ECG | |||
| Low voltage | 2 (3.64) | 1 (1.82) | 0.564 |
| ST-T abnormalities | 33 (60.00) | 14 (25.45) | 0.001 |
| ST elevation | 30 (54.55) | 10 (10.18) | <0.001 |
| Negative T | 14 (25.45) | 1 (1.82) | <0.001 |
| Significant Q-wave | 3 (5.45) | 0 (0.00) | 0.250 |
| Laboratory parameters | |||
| Peak level CK (U/L) | 85 (65, 153) | 86 (54, 130) | 0.145 |
| Peak level hs-TNI (ng/mL) | 0.396 (0.00, 2.60) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.80) | 0.012 |
| Peak level NT-proBNP (pg/mL) | 32.30 (13.60, 73.80) | 22.50 (12.40, 62.50) | 0.018 |
| Peak level CRP (mg/L) | 0.89 (0.21, 5.57) | 0.65 (0.08, 3.62) | 0.143 |
| WBC count (×109/L) | 7.00 (5.92, 8.12) | 6.64 (5.44, 8.12) | 0.305 |
| Traditional CMR features | |||
| Positive T2WI | 21 (38.18) | 10 (18.18) | 0.007 |
| Positive LGE | 28 (50.91) | 21 (38.18) | 0.016 |
| Positive “LLC” | 10 (18.18) | 5 (9.09) | 0.063 |
| LVEDV, mL | 143.19 ± 55.86 | 143.82 ± 56.03 | 0.876 |
| LVESV, mL | 59.79 (38.71, 72.16) | 55.64 (41.71, 55.64) | 0.241 |
| LVSV, mL | 76.46 ± 25.41 | 81.41 ± 24.80 | 0.109 |
| LVEF, % | 56.33 ± 13.99 | 58.43 ± 10.19 | 0.116 |
| LV mass, g | 95.12 ± 34.90 | 91.93 ± 33.76 | 0.141 |
| RVEDV, mL | 137.23 ± 39.36 | 140.71 ± 41.53 | 0.381 |
| RVESV, mL | 69.70 (53.87, 88.37) | 74.00 (51.58, 96.53) | 0.209 |
| RVSV, mL | 63.66 ± 24.79 | 64.86 ± 26.03 | 0.732 |
| RVEF, % | 47.05 ± 12.75 | 46.42 ± 12.04 | 0.745 |
| LAVmax, mL | 46.90 (36.86, 60.86) | 48.40 (38.79, 62.94) | 0.657 |
| LAVmin, mL | 17.78 (13.79, 23.10) | 18.06 (13.22, 23.83) | 0.535 |
| LAVpac, mL | 39.76 (31.97, 52.48) | 41.22 (31.36, 53.46) | 0.575 |
| LAEF, % | 58.75 ± 12.59 | 61.76 ± 10.21 | 0.033 |
| LAPEF, % | 14.31 (7.94, 21.11) | 14.19 (7.39, 21.55) | 0.980 |
| LAAEF, % | 16.70 (8.62, 26.77) | 16.54 (7.98, 27.47) | 0.874 |
| Feature tracking | |||
| Global ventricular peak strain | |||
| LVGRS, % | 28.94 ± 12.88 | 30.88 ± 10.21 | 0.313 |
| LVGCS, % | −17.75 ± 5.27 | −19.07 ± 3.56 | 0.057 |
| LVGLS, % | −10.13 (−12.06, −6.98) | −10.64 (−13.20, −8.98) | 0.005 |
| RVGRS, % | 28.92 (21.70, 39.74) | 33.92 (21.16, 49.53) | 0.019 |
| RVGCS, % | −2.80 (−8.72, 11.26) | −5.83 (−8.95, 8.78) | 0.137 |
| RVGLS, % | −7.50 (−11.27, −5.28) | −9.44 (−12.42, −6.50) | 0.144 |
| LA strain | |||
| εs, % | 20.70 (12.90, 25.90) | 25.00 (16.90, 34.80) | 0.001 |
| εa, % | 7.40 (4.40, 11.90) | 7.50 (4.50, 11.70) | 0.311 |
| εe, % | 11.80 (7.30, 18.30) | 15.30 (11.30, 23.00) | 0.002 |
| SRs, s−1 | 1.40 (1.00, 1.80) | 1.40 (1.10, 1.90) | 0.176 |
| SRe, s−1 | −1.90 (−2.60, −1.30) | −2.00 (−2.80, −1.25) | 0.479 |
| SRa, s−1 | −1.10 (−1.55, −0.80) | −1.40 (−1.80, −1.00) | 0.001 |
ECG: electrocardiogram; CK: creatine kinase; hs-cTNI: high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide; CRP: c-reactive protein; WBC: white blood cell; CMR: cardiac magnetic resonance; T2WI: T2-weighted imaging; LGE: late gadolinium enhancement; “LLC”: “Lake Louis Criteria”; LV: left ventricle; RV: right ventricle; ESV: end systolic volume; EDV: end diastolic volume; SV: stroke volume; EF: ejection fraction; LAVmax: maximal left atrial volume; LAVmin: minimal left atrial volume; LAVpac: pre-atrial contraction left atrial volume; LAEF: total left atrial emptying fraction (EF total); LAPEF: passive left atrial emptying fraction (EF passive); LAAEF: active left atrial emptying fraction (EF booster); GRS: global radial strain; GCS: global circumferential strain; GLS: global longitudinal strain; LA: left atrium; εs: total strain; εa: active strain; εe: passive strain; SRs: peak positive strain rate; SRe: peak early negative strain rate; SRa: peak late negative strain rate.