Table 1.

Human coronaviruses and their most probable ancestor host. Seven human coronaviruses have emerged from zoonotic transmission events.

Coronavirus	Genera	Identified	Most Probable Ancestor Host	Receptor	Ref
HCoV-229 E	Alphacoronavirus	1965	Bats Hipposideros and camelids	ANPEP/CD13	[1,5,6]
HCoV-OC43	Betacoronavirus	1967	Rodents and swine	Sialic acid	[7]
SARS-CoV	Betacoronavirus	2002	Bat Rhinolophus and civet	ACE2	[8]
HCoV-NL63	Alphacoronavirus	2004	Bats Triaenops	ACE2	[6]
HCoV-HKU1	Betacoronavirus	2005	Rodents	Sialic acid	[8,9]
MERS-CoV	Betacoronavirus	2012	Bat and camel	DPP IV/CD26	[10]
SARS-CoV-2	Betacoronavirus	2019	Bat Rhinolophus affini and	ACE2	[11]