Table 2.

Multivariable predictors of HF in women and men with diabetes

Variable	Coefficient	Adjusted SHR (95% CI)	P value
Women
Age, per year	0.05672	1.06 (1.05–1.06)	<0.001
Rural residence	0.18698	1.21 (1.10–1.33)	<0.001
Hypertension duration, years
No hypertension	Reference	Reference	Reference
<10	0.23651	1.27 (1.15–1.39)	<0.001
10–20	0.38748	1.47 (1.34–1.62)	<0.001
≥20	0.45119	1.57 (1.38–1.78)	<0.001
Ischemic heart disease	0.55744	1.75 (1.55–1.96)	<0.001
Valvular heart disease	0.6776	1.97 (1.50–2.58)	<0.001
AF	0.89362	2.44 (2.11–2.83)	<0.001
History of cardiac testing	0.10943	1.12 (1.04–1.20)	0.003
COPD or asthma	0.46512	1.59 (1.49–1.70)	<0.001
HbA1c, per 1%	0.09776	1.10 (1.09–1.12)	<0.001
Hemoglobin, per 1 g/dL	−0.00867	0.991 (0.989–0.994)	<0.001
GFR, per 1 mL/min/1.73 m2	−0.01025	0.990 (0.988–0.992)	<0.001
Alcoholism	0.84142	2.32 (1.44–3.75)	<0.001
Mood disorder	0.5566	1.75 (1.31–2.32)	<0.001
Men
Age, per year	0.06	1.06 (1.05–1.06)	<0.001
Rural residence	0.14	1.15 (1.06–1.24)	<0.001
Income quintile
1 (lowest)	Reference	Reference	Reference
2	−0.11	0.89 (0.83–0.97)	<0.001
3	−0.15	0.86 (0.80–0.93)	<0.001
4	−0.23	0.79 (0.73–0.86)	<0.001
5 (highest)	−0.25	0.77 (0.71–0.84)	<0.001
Hypertension duration, years
No hypertension	Reference	Reference	Reference
<10	0.22	1.24 (1.16–1.34)	<0.001
10–20	0.44	1.55 (1.44–1.67)	<0.001
≥20	0.48	1.62 (1.45–1.81)	<0.001
Ischemic heart disease	0.48	1.62 (1.49–1.77)	<0.001
Valvular heart disease	0.69	1.99 (1.63–2.44)	<0.001
AF	0.64	1.90 (1.68–2.14)	<0.001
Previous CABG	−0.31	0.73 (0.62–0.87)	<0.001
History of cardiac testing	0.12	1.13 (1.06–1.20)	<0.001
COPD or asthma	0.37	1.45 (1.37–1.54)	<0.001
HbA1c, per 1%	0.08	1.09 (1.07–1.10)	<0.001
Hemoglobin, per 1 g/dL	−0.01	0.992 (0.990–0.994)	<0.001
GFR, per 1 mL/min/1.73 m2	−0.01	0.994 (0.992–0.996)	<0.001
Liver disease	0.50	1.65 (1.31–2.09)	<0.001

CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; SHR, subhazard ratio.