Table 3.

Quotations from interview participants on the preferences for lifestyle intervention after childbirth according to TIDieR framework.

TIDieR Elements	Subthemes	Themes	Representative Quotes: Oceanian	Representative Quotes: Asian
What (intervention content)	No more information needed	Theme 1. Practical and tailored strategies including cultural adaptations	“I don’t really feel like I need more information. I feel like at the moment it’s information overload.”—O1 (Australian)	“What I don’t want is another booklet explaining how to be healthy. I think I’m just sick of booklets.”—A9 (Southern Asian)
	Accountability		“Look, ideal world for me, I think whatever the model is, it’s about having accountability to keep you on that track.”—O5 (Australian)	“The physio wrote me down on a daily to weekly basis, what type of exercise I should be doing. Gave me a demonstration, got me to practice, and then let me go off on my own and repeat them.”—A4 (Northeast Asian)
	Practical strategies		“…to think about how you can make protected pockets of time within your week to make sure that you do the things that are gonna help you, keep your energy and therefore your health and wellbeing up.”—O8 (New Zealander)	“On top of that, how we can incorporate exercise to busy lifestyle. It’s like setting goals and how to find time to do exercises.”—A8 (Southern Asian)
	Individually and culturally tailored		“There might be some sort of very tailored information in terms of how to incorporate those kinds of things when you do have kids. And particularly I guess it’s sort of, specific enough to be focused on single parents as well.”—O1 (Australian)	“I remember someone saying we eat a lot of dosa [traditional Indian food]. She said, ‘Okay, that’s fine. You just add this extra bit of lentil onto your dosa that makes it more protein-based rather than carb-based.’ I was like, ‘Oh, I didn’t know that.’ Just even traditional food is very carb-based and very unhealthy. If someone explained it to me as a mum, then it’s helpful for me.”—A9 (Southern Asian)
When and how much (intervention commencement time)	6 weeks to 6 months after childbirth	Theme 2. Early and regular support, with considerations of cultural postpartum practices	“In terms of exercising support, I think you don’t want to be encouraging people to be exercising too much in the first couple of months, just because I think you’re still recovering and getting used to everything.”—O7 (Australian)	“We have different traditions and customs. So you have to go through that one and a half months of postpartum… Once you have given birth, you just need to stay in the bed, most of the time cover yourself, cover the baby, cover yourself, cover the baby. Don’t go anywhere.”—A5 (Southern Asian)
When and how much (intervention duration)	Depends on needs		“I think maybe a short period would be better. I think long term, people lose interest.”—O4 (Australian)	“I think at least one year because once we start developing a routine and if we do that for a year, it’s gonna be a part of your lifestyle.”—A8 (Southern Asian)
When and how much (intervention frequency)	Weekly, fortnightly or monthly		“I think every few weeks or every month. I guess the other thing in those early days is the kind of haphazardness of your availability which is challenging.”—O8 (New Zealander)	“In terms of keeping a healthy lifestyle, if we don’t do it at least once a week, then it’s a bit hard to get back when we left it for too long. You kind of lost the motivation.”—A1 (Southeast Asian)
When and how much (duration of session)	Short session		“Keeping an eye on your babies, but up to an hour. An hour is a long time for a baby.”—O7 (Australian)	“Half an hour probably is good enough, because newborn they generally feed about like every two hours.”—A1 (Southeast Asian)
Who (intervention provider)	Maternal child health nurse	Theme 3. Accessible delivery by health professionals	“I liked my maternal child health nurse and my experience with that service. I did prioritize those appointments.”—O2 (Australian)	“I really enjoyed the maternal child health nurses. They were like everything in one.”—A7 (Southern Asian)
	Allied health and fitness professionals		“Allied Health, a personal trainer, you know, a physiologist who could set a program would be good.”—O4 (Australian)	“It’s that mental resilience for me personally. Physically, it’s those physio advise in relation to aches and pains that you get after birth or issues such as pelvic floor.”—A4 (Northeast Asian)
	Not GP		“For me a GP not so much, because I don’t really have any major health problems.”—O4 (Australian)	“I don’t believe in GPs here, sorry. I haven’t noticed that unless you are going to a medical emergency, I just avoid them.”—A5 (Southern Asian)
Where (location of intervention)	Maternal child health nurse visit		“I think it’s about tapping into those opportunities that already exist, for example, the maternal health appointment is something that all women do.”—O5 (Australian)	“The reason I say maternal child health nurse is because that’s the point of contact.”—A7 (Southern Asian)
	Community-based		“That’s part of access. One thing would be a problem for me if it was far away, I wouldn’t go. Somewhere very local for me is important.”—O4 (Australian)	“I think councils should do a good job in terms of structuring services for families. I really liked having the occasional care, the library, the pool in the same area.”—A9 (Southern Asian)
	Online		“Online is going to be easier for women with babies as it can be a challenge getting places. I guess it’s just finding the time to make that appointment and actually attend.”—O2 (Australian)	“Especially during those time, we had COVID really badly. I think doing the exercise via Zoom was very helpful, because I don’t want to take my baby to crowded places and put the baby at risk.”—A8 (Southern Asian)
Cost and willingness to pay	Free or low cost		“I simply wouldn’t be able to justify the expense whilst on maternity leave.”—O3 (Australian)	“I don’t want to pay high rates to go to a team because I can spend that money on my baby.”—A8 (Southern Asian)
	Depends on needs		“It depends what they offered. If it was just a bit of lifestyle advice I probably wouldn’t. But if it was an exercise class and it had the social aspect as well, then I probably would.”—O4 (Australian)	“If it was the right information, the right service I needed, at the right time, yeah definitely, postpartum I would invest in that.”—A4 (Northeast Asian)
How (delivery mode)	Face-to-face	Theme 4. Building a strong support network for health	“When you’ve got movement, it actually encourages better conversation and often people feel more connected to the conversation because they don’t have to have eye contact.”—O5 (Australian)	“I think it’s better to meet personally than online. I mean, online probably for information, but we still need that social interaction.”—A2 (Northeast Asian)
	Small group		“I like the group setting… Because it was nice to be able to talk to other mums and see different people.”—O4 (Australian)	“Small group would be good. You get to hear what others’ experience, so can learn from them as well.”—A1 (Southeast Asian)
	Peer support		“I think that is a good source of support because we understand what each other is going through and what some of the barriers may be to looking after our health.”—O2 (Australian)	“I would say these classes are amazing. They are mostly operated by ladies. They’re mums and they motivate you with every word they say when you are doing it.”—A5 (Southern Asian)
	Baby-inclusive and family-friendly		“I guess things that would help would be things like exercise classes that are baby-inclusive, things that encompass social connection and community and exercise and health and wellbeing, all kind of wrapped in.”—O8 (New Zealander)	“I think if like family-oriented program, you know, parents and babies and everybody go and do some, uh, programs that would be beneficial.”—A8 (Southern Asian)

GP, general practitioner.