Table 3.
MRL values of pesticides used in tea according to countries and ADI values according to Codex Alimentarius. Additionally, Transfer rate of pesticide residue from tea brew and Brew Factor.
| Pesticides | CODEX MRL (mg/kg) | EU MRL (mg/kg) |
USA * mg/kg |
Canada * mg/kg |
Australia * (mg/kg) |
Japan * mg/kg |
CODEX ADI mg/kg |
Transfer Rate (%) | Water Solubility (mg/L) | Brew Factor ** |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diuron | - | 0.05 | - | - | - | - | 0.01 | 1.4–2.1 | 0.01 | 0.014–0.021 |
| Imidacloprid | - | 0.05 | - | - | - | - | 0.06 | 62.2–63.1 | 610 | 0.62–0.63 |
| Fenpyroximate | - | 8 | - | - | - | - | 0.01 | - | - | - |
| Acetamiprid | - | 0.05 * | 50 | - | - | 30 | 0.07 | 78.3–80.6 | 4200 | 0.78–0.81 |
| Cypermethrin | 20 (*15) | 0.5 | - | 0.5 | 20 | 0.02 | - | - | - | |
| Deltamethrin | 5 | 5 | - | 7 | 5 | 10 | 0.01 | 0.14–0.46 | 0.002 | 0.0014–0.0046 |
| Ethion | - | 3 | - | - | 5 | 0.3 | 0.02 | 2.25–2.5 | 2 | 0.022-–0.025 |
| Flubendiamide | 50 | 0.02 * | - | 0.02 | 0.02 | 40 | 0.02 | - | - | - |
| Hexythiazox | 15 | 4 | - | - | 4 | 35 | 0.03 | - | - | - |
| Thiamethoxam | 20 | 20 | 20 | - | 20 | 20 | 0.08 | 80.5–81.6 | 4100 | 0.81–0.82 |
| Thiacloprid | - | 10 | - | - | 10 | 30 | 0.01 | 49.7–50.0 | 184 | 0.49–0.50 |
MRL: Maximum Residue Limits ADI: Acceptable Daily Intake * Indicates lower limit of analytical determination, * Pesticide residue limits in tea by country. ** Brew Factor (BF) = Tea debris residues ÷ Dry tea leaves residues. Transfer of residues into tea brew (%) = BF × 100. —In this country, the MRL for this pesticide has not been reported.