Table 1.

The environmental improvements in the comprehensive nursing ward.

Category	Facilities and Equipment			Purpose
		General Ward	Comprehensive Ward
Ward	Auxiliary nurse station per team	None	A table with one PC * per team	Proximity nursing
	Patient lounge	Shared and small	More spacious	Providing comfortable space
	Corridor surveillance cameras	Same		Incident/accident monitoring
	Corridor guard rail	In compliance with government regulations	Twice as protective as required per the regulations	Fall prevention
Patient room	Interval between beds	1.5 m	2 m	Infection prevention
	Emergency call bell per bed	Same		Fall prevention
	Mat with fall prevention sensor	None	Yes
	Electric bed with remote control	Beds in private rooms only	All of the beds	Patient convenience
	Air mattress	None	Yes	Bedsore prevention
	Sink per room	Same		Infection prevention
	Alcohol-rub dispenser per bed	Same
	Toilet in room	Beds in OB/GYN ** ward and private rooms	About 30% of beds	Patient convenience
	Shower room	Beds in private rooms only	About 30% of beds
Medical equipment	Wheelchair, walker	In compliance with the government regulations	More than 1.5 times as many as required per the regulations	Fall prevention
	Mobile toilet	None	Yes	Sanitary nursing
	Shampoo aid	None	Yes
	Bath bed	None	Yes
	Oxygen monitor	In compliance with the government regulations	Twice as many as required per the regulations	Vital sign measurement
	Non-invasive sphygmomanometer	In compliance with the government regulations	Twice as many as required per the regulations
	Bladder scan	Same		Residual urine check
	Various and detailed patient information	Handout only	Handout and video guide	Educating patients and visiting guardians

* PC, personal computer; ** OB/GYN, obstetrics and gynecology.