Table 2.
Demographics and other characteristics of the patients enrolled in the study.
| Median (1st Qu–3rd Qu) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | Total | CAPA Patients * | Aspergillus Colonisation * | p-Value |
| Males/Females | 26/17 | 20/13 | 6/4 | |
| Vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 | 23.3% (10/43) | 15.2% (5/33) | 50% (5/10) | |
| Age (years) | 64 (53.5–70.5) | 64 (55–70) | 64 (51.25–70.50) | 0.86 |
| Antifungal treatment- duration (days) | 17 (10–30.5) | 20 (12–35) | 10 (7–18.75) | 0.029 |
| Stay in the ICU (days) | 23 (19–37) | 27 (20–42) | 22.5 (14.75–28.25) | 0.24 |
| Days from diagnosis of COVID-19 infection by SARS-CoV-2 until admission at the ICU (days) | 11 (7–15) | 10 (6–14) | 16.5 (13.5–21) | 0.0007 |
| Days of culture result after ICU admission (days) | 21 (17–26.5) | 21 (18–26) | 20.5 (14.25–26.25) | 0.45 |
| Respiratory sampling time after ICU admission (days) | 11 (6–16.5) | 11 (8–15) | 10.5 (4.25–17.25) | 0.52 |
| BMI | 29 (26.4–31.55) | 29.15 (26.82–31.77) | 28 (25–31) | 0.45 |
| SOFA score (admission in ICU) | 7 (7–8.75) | 7 (7–8) | 7 (6–9) | 0.84 |
| SOFA score (sampling) | 8 (7–9) | 8 (7–9) | 8 (7–8) | 0.88 |
| corticosteroid use- duration (days) | 10 (10–17.5) | 10 (10–14) | 10.5 (10–23.75) | 0.58 |
| WBC(a) (cells/μL) | 13,400 (9425–18,510) | 13,900 (10,300–17,600) | 8435 (6258–20,675) | 0.66 |
| NEUT(a) (cells/μL) | 11,422 (7965–16,625) | 12,232 (8806–16,450) | 6862 (5485–15,609) | 0.20 |
| LYMP(a) (cells/μL) | 630 (471–930) | 592.6 (491–880) | 803.2 (446.9–1250.3) | 0.28 |
| PLT(a) (platelets/μL) | 291,000 (172,500–343,500) | 292,000 (212,000–322,000) | 182,500 (126,500–355,250) | 0.49 |
| Hb(a) (mg/dL) | 12.5 (10.7–13.2) | 12.8 (11.9–13.2) | 11.25 (8.95–13.10) | 0.21 |
| HCT(a) (%) | 37.2 (32–40.1) | 37.6 (34.8–40) | 33.4 (27.75–40.02) | 0.20 |
| CRP(a) (mg/dL) | 10.3 (6.3–16.45) | 10.35 (5.73–16.3) | 9.65 (7.28–15.98) | 0.93 |
| PCT(a) (μg/L) | 0.195 (0.08–0.56) | 0.2 (0.1–0.5) | 0.2 (0.1–0.6) | 0.62 |
| Cr(a) (mg/dL) | 0.7 (0.58–1.22) | 0.7 (0.6–1.1) | 0.7 (0.6–1.275) | 0.98 |
| WBC(s) (cells/μL) | 11,530 (9135–16,555) | 11,590 (8980–17,470) | 10,420 (9708–12,848) | 0.51 |
| NEUT(s) (cells/μL) | 9300 (7406–14,742) | 9570 (7302–15,897) | 8430 (7701–10,568) | 0.19 |
| LYMP(s) (cells/μL) | 810 (520–1172) | 810 (504–1070) | 888.7 (570.6–1881.5) | 0.55 |
| PLT(s) (platelets/μL) | 216,000 (132,750–279,750) | 229,500 (145,500–277,250) | 182,000 (101,500–378,250) | 0.62 |
| Hb(s) (mg/dL) | 10 (8.65–11.25) | 10.1 (8.7–11.4) | 9.15 (7.98–10.7) | 0.32 |
| HCT(s) (%) | 30 (26.95–34.25) | 30.4 (27.1–34.4) | 28.65 (26.93–31.8) | 0.38 |
| CRP(s) (mg/dL) | 12.27 (4.93–22.05) | 13.4 (4.98–22.45) | 7.95 (4.78–15.93) | 0.50 |
| PCT(s) (μg/L) | 0.33 (0.15–0.94) | 0.3 (0.2–1.1) | 0.4 (0.1–0.5) | 0.54 |
| Cr(s) (mg/dL) | 0.75 (0.57–1.16) | 0.8 (0.6–1.1) | 0.8 (0.625–1.25) | 0.42 |
| VOR (treatment duration days) | 8.95 (0–14) | 6 (0–14.5) | 2.5 (0–6.25) | 0.51 |
| GM BAL (Index) | 2.19 (1.16–3.63) | 1.945 (1.157–3.357) | 0.14 (0.125–0.175) | 0.001 |
| GM NBL (Index) | 3.9 (3.1–4.33) | 4.075 (3.6–4.5) | 1.3 (1.205–2.515) | 0.051 |
| GM serum (Index) | 0.84 (0.6–1.06) | 0.2 (0.09–0.4225) | 0,09 (0.06–0.335) | 0.24 |
| Type of samples, n (%) | ||||
| BAL, n (%) | 23 (53.5%) | 16 (48.49%) | 7 (70%) | |
| NBL, n (%) | 15 (34.9%) | 12 (36.36%) | 3 (30%) | |
| Culture plates (NBL), n (%) | 5 (11.6%) | 5 (15.15%) | 0 | |
CAPA: Coronavirus disease 2019-associated pulmonary aspergillosis, 1st Qu: First quartile, 3rd Qu: Third quartile, BMI: Body mass index, SOFA: Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Assessment, WBC: White blood cells, NEUT: Neutrophils, LYMP: Lymphocytes, PLT: Platelets, Hb: Hemoglobulin, HCT: Haematocrit, PCT: Procalcitonin, CRP: C-reactive protein, VOR: Voriconazole, GM: Galactomannan, BAL: Bronchoalveolar lavage, NBL: Non-directed broncoscopic lavage. (a): admission in ICU, (s): respiratory sampling. p-value ≤ 0.5 was considered as statistically significant and presented as bold, * classification of the cases as CAPA or colonisation by Aspergillus according to the ECMM/ISHAM consensus criteria.