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. 2023 Jan 20;16:13. doi: 10.1186/s13041-023-01007-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — Successful formation of CStr circuits in the microfluidic device system. A Axons in cortical neurons (left) and dendrites in striatal neurons (right) successfully extended to each microchannel. Axons in the cortical neuron area and dendrites in the striatal neuron area, identified by immunostaining for the axonal marker Tau and dendritic marker MAP2, respectively. Scale bar: 20 μm. Merged image shows synapse formation between cortical axons and striatal dendrites. Scale bar: 50 μm. B Visualization of all connections in CStr circuits by incubation with Fluo5F-AM. Scale bar: 50 μm. C Representative image of synapse formation in the synapse canal. CStr circuits in the microfluidic device were immunostained for the presynaptic marker synapsin I (green) and postsynaptic marker Shank3 (red). Right, magnified imaged of boxed region. Scale bar: 10 μm