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The locations of the vestibule, nasal valve, and nasopharynx are visualized in the upper panel. In four regions of the vestibule (A), nasal valve (B), the olfactory epithelium (C), and the nasopharynx (D), the corresponding delivered dose in the form of mass per square centimeter is calculated for three airflow rates of 4, 15, 30 L/min and aerosols with diameters between 1 nm and 30 µm.
