Table 3.

Frequency of cholestatic pruritus according to the type of liver disease.

Specific Liver Disease	Characteristics	Incidence
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy	Characterized by pruritus and an elevation in serum bile acid levels, developing in the second or third trimester and resolving after delivery.	100% [85]
Primary biliary cholangitis	It is common in females between the ages of 30 and 65 years. Pruritus often precedes the development of jaundice and can be accompanied by skin findings.	70–80% by 10 years [86,87]
Primary sclerosing cholangitis	Chronic progressive disorder characterized by inflammation and fibrosis. The incidence increases as the disease progresses.	20–40% (Initial) [88,89]
Malignant biliary tract obstruction	It can be due to the presence of tumor in the gallbladder, bile duct, ampulla, duodenum, or pancreas.	45% [90]
Chronic viral hepatitis	The hepatitis B and C viruses can cause chronic hepatitis and can lead to cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer with pruritus.	20% [90]
Nonmalignant biliary tract obstruction	Choledocholithiasis, cholecystitis, and stricture of commone bile duct can cause pruritus.	17% [90]
Cirrhosis	Patients with decompensated cirrhosis can present with jaundice, pruritus and gastrointestinal bleeding.	7% [90]