ALI	acute lung injury
BEAS-2B	human bronchial epithelial cell line
Calu-3	human lung adenocarcinoma cell line
CD14	cluster of differentiation 14
COPD	chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
DAMP	danger-associated molecular pattern
DCs	dendritic cells
DLAM	disaccharide lipid A mimetic
GPI	glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol
HEK293	human embryonic kidney 293 cells
HMGB1	high-mobility group box 1 protein
IFN-β	interferon-β
IL-1β	interleukin-1β
IRF3	interferon regulatory factor 3
Kdo	3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid
LBP	LPS-binding protein
LPS	lipopolysaccharide
LRR	leucine-rich repeat
MCP-1	monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
MD-2	myeloid differentiation factor 2
MNC	mononuclear cells
MPLA	monophosphoryl lipid A
MPL®	clinical-grade MPL® adjuvant (GlaxoSmithKline)
MyD88	myeloid differentiation primary response 88
NF-ĸB	nuclear factor kappa B
PAMP	pathogen-associated molecular pattern
PDB	Protein Data Bank
PRR	pattern recognition receptor
SEAP	secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase
SIRS	severe inflammatory response syndrome
THP-1	human acute monocytic leukemia cells
TIR	Toll-interleukin-1 receptor
TIRAP	TIR-domain-containing adaptor protein
TLR4	Toll-like receptor 4
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor-α
TRAF	TNF-receptor-associated factor
TRAM	TRIF-related adaptor molecule
TRIF	TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β