Table 1.
Summary of the different strategies for carrying cargoes to enhance the cure therapy.
| Strategies | Carriers | Cargoes | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dual drug delivery | Double-crosslinking architecture of borax-mixed alginate dialdehyde (ADA) and gelatin | Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) powder (mimicking the ECM environment of bone trauma) and hypoxia-pretreated bone marrow stromal cells | [15] |
| >Aginate/collagen-based hydrogel | gMP-BMP2, pMP-IGF1 | [70] | |
| Nanoparticles | Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-dextran (PLGA-Dex) | Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) | [71] |
| Chitosan/hyaluronic acid-aldehyde hydrogel | Injectable soft self-repairing hydrogel–hydroxyapatite scaffold | [72] | |
| PLGA | MgO/MgCO3 | [69] | |
| Phosphocreatine-functionalized chitosan (CSMP) | MgO | [73] | |
| Extracellular vesicles (EVs) | Chitosan-based hydrogel | Dental pulp stem cell (DPSC)-derived exosomes | [74] |
| Gelatin | Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) | [75] | |
| Biomimic coating | Glycopeptide hydrogel | Self-assembly of β-sheet RADA16-grafted glucomannan | [16] |