Table 3.
Studies included in this systematic review sorted by type of team sport. The table includes information about the player level and the parameters collected.
| Sport | Study | Player Level (n = Number of Athletes) | External Parameters (n = Number of Studies) | Internal Parameters (n = Number of Studies) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| American football | [31,32,33,34,35,36] | University Divison I (n = 225, male) |
PL (AU) (n = 4) Acceleration/Deceleration (m·s−2) (n = 4) Distance in speed zones (m) (n = 2) Impacts (n) (n = 2) Stride variability (n = 1) |
INTERNAL LOAD PARAMETERS (session-)RPE (AU) (n = 1) EXERCISE-INDUCED RESPONSES Well-being questionnaire (5-point scale) (n = 4) S100beta (pg/mL) (n = 1) Tau concentration (pg/mL) (n = 1) |
| Australian football | [13,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45] | Professional (n = 202, male) Elite (n = 118, male) |
Distance in speed zones (m) (n = 13) PL (au) (n = 9) Total/Relative distance (m, m/min) (n = 9) Duration (min) (n = 5) Average speed (m/s) (n = 4) Acceleration/Deceleration (m·s−2) (n = 3) Energy expenditure (kJ/kg) (n = 2) Metabolic power concept (W/kg) (n = 2) Distance load (m2/s) (distance x mean speed) (n = 1) Effort zones (n) (n = 1) Equivalent distance (m) (n = 1) Explosive efforts (n) (n = 1) Impacts (n) (n = 1) Match exercise intensity (AU) (n = 1) |
INTERNAL LOAD PARAMETERS (session-)RPE (AU) (n = 7) Core temperature (C) (n = 1) EXERCISE-INDUCED RESPONSES Well-being questionnaire (5-point scale) (n = 3) CMJ (cm) (n = 1) CK (U/L) (n = 1) INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS Maximal aerobic speed (m/s) (n = 1) YYIR (m) (n = 1) |
| Basketball | [46,47,48,49] | Elite (n = 12, male) Professional (n = 26, male) Semiprofessional (n = 8, male) University (n = 5, female) |
PL (AU) (n = 4) Acceleration/Deceleration (m·s−2) (n = 4) Jumps (n) (n = 2) IMA™ (AU) (n = 1) |
INTERNAL LOAD PARAMETERS (session-)RPE (AU) (n = 3) HR-based indices (n = 1) EXERCISE-INDUCED RESPONSES Tensiomyography (ms, mm) (n = 1) |
| Field Hockey | [50] | Elite (n = 12, male) | Acceleration/Deceleration (m·s−2) (n = 1) Distances in speed zones (m) (n = 1) Total/relative distance (m, m/min) (n = 1) |
EXERCISE-INDUCED RESPONSES Well-being questionnaire (5-point scale) (n = 1) |
| Rugby Sevens | [51,52] | Elite (n = 24, 12 female, 12 male) Amateur (n = 10, female) |
Total/relative distance (m, m/min) (n = 2) Distance in speed zones (m) (n = 2) Impacts (n) (n = 1) |
EXERCISE-INDUCED RESPONSES CK (U/L) (n =1) Bicarbonate concentration (mmol/L) (n = 1) Lactate concentration (mmol/L) (n = 1) pH (n = 1) |
| Rugby League | [53,54,55,56] | Professional (n = 46, male) Elite (n = 45, male) |
Distance in speed zones (m) (n = 3) Impacts (n) (n = 3) Acceleration/Deceleration (m·s−2) (n = 2) Total/Relative distance (m, m/min) (n = 2) Duration (min) (n = 1) PL (AU) (n = 1) RHIE (n) (n = 1) |
INTERNAL LOAD PARAMETERS (session-)RPE (AU) (n = 2) EXERCISE-INDUCED RESPONSES Well-being questionnaire (5-point scale) (n = 1) CK (U/L) (n = 2) Salivary cortisol (nmol/L) (n = 1) Repeated plyometric push-ups (n) (n = 1) Sleep (h) (n = 1) ADAPTATION PARAMETERS Sleep (h) (n = 1) |
| Rugby Union | [57,58] | Professional (n = 51, male) | Distance in speed zones (m) (n = 2) Impacts (n) (n = 2) PL (au) (n = 1) Total/Relative distance (m, m/min) (n = 1) |
EXERCISE-INDUCED RESPONSES CK (U/L) (n = 1) Urinary n-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (pg/mL) (n = 1) |
| Soccer | [59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93] | Professional (n = 311, male) Elite (n = 236, male) Semi-professional (n = 61, male) University (n = 114, 79 male, 35 female) |
Distance in speed zones (m) (n = 31) Total/Relative distance (m, m/min) (n = 30) PL (AU) (n = 15) Acceleration/Deceleration (m·s−2) (n = 13) Duration (min) (n = 12) Impacts (n) (n = 5) Average Speed (m/s) (n = 4) Dynamic stress load (AU) (n = 4) Metabolic power concept (W/kg) (n = 4) Maximal velocity (m/s) (n = 3) Effindex (AU) (n = 2) RHIE (n) (n = 2) Body load (AU) (n = 1) Energy expenditure (kJ/kg) (n = 2) Equivalent distance (m) (n = 1) Explosive distance (m) (n = 1) Impulse Load (Ns) (n = 1) Force load (AU) (n = 1) Mechanical work (AU) (n = 1) Training load score by Polar (AU) (n = 1) Total accelerometer load (AU) (n = 1) Total forces (AU) (n = 1) Velocity load (AU) (n = 1) Work:rest ratio (n = 1) |
INTERNAL LOAD PARAMETERS HR-based indices (n = 17) (session-)RPE (AU) (n = 16) Effindex (AU) (n = 2) EXERCISE-INDUCED RESPONSES Well-being questionnaire (5-point scale) (n = 8) CMJ (cm) (n = 6) CK (U/L) (n = 5) Immunoglobulin (μg/mL) (n = 3) C-reactive protein (mg/L) (n = 1) HR-based indices (n = 1) Myoglobin concentration (ng/mL) (n = 1) Plasma lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) (n = 1) Body mass measures (kg) (n = 1) ADAPTATION PARAMETERS HR-based indices (n = 2) Body mass measures (kg) (n = 2) Strength test (Nm) (n = 1) VO2max (ml/kg/min) (n = 1) 30-15 intermittent fitness test (m) (n = 1) INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS VO2max (ml/kg/min) (n = 1) YYIR (m) (n = 1) Repeated sprint ability (m) (n = 1) Body mass measures (kg) (n = 1) Muscle characteristics (cm) (n = 1) Sprint test (s) (n = 1) |
| Tag football | [94] | Regional (n = 16, male) | Acceleration/Deceleration (m·s−2) (n = 1) Distance in speed zones (m) (n = 1) RHIE (n) (n = 1) Total/relative distance (m, m/min) (n = 1) |
INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS CMJ (cm) (n = 1) Sprint test (m/s) (n = 1) YYIR (m) (n = 1) |
AU arbitrary unit, CK creatine kinase, CMJ countermovement jump, HRmax maximal heart rate, HR heart rate, IMA™ inertial movement analysis, PL player load, RHIE repeated high-intensity events, RPE rating of perceived exertion, TRIMP training impulse, VO2max maximal oxygen uptake, YYIR Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test.