Table 1.
Factors affecting the therapeutic efficacy of liposomal AmB in murine models of VL and CL, after parenteral administration.
| Parameter | Observed Therapeutic Effect | Proposed Mechanism | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Model of visceral leishmaniasis | |||
| Membrane fluidity | Rigid lipo. > fluid lipo. | Slower drug release from rigid liposomes |
[63] |
| Inclusion of cholesterol | Lipo. with cholesterol > Lipo. without cholesterol |
Higher affinity of the drug for cholesterol-containing membrane |
[63] |
| Inclusion of ergosterol | Lipo. with ergosterol > Lipo. with cholesterol |
Higher affinity of the drug for ergosterol-containing membrane |
[63] |
| Model of cutaneous leishmaniasis | |||
| Liposome size | Small-sized lipo. > large-sized lipo. | Extended blood circulation of smaller liposomes and higher accumulation in the lesion |
[81] |
| PEGylation of liposomes | PEGylated lipo. > conventional lipo. | Extended blood circulation time of PEGylated liposomes and higher accumulation in the lesion |
[77] |
| Inclusion of stearylamine (SA) | SA-containing lipo. > SA-free lipo. | Combined leishmanicidal and immunodulatory actions | [80] |