Skip to main content
. 2023 Jan 11;15(1):62. doi: 10.3390/toxins15010062

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Effect of post-venom addition of antivenom (AV; 15 µL) on venom (10 µg/mL) induced pre-synaptic neurotoxicity in the chick biventer cervicis nerve-muscle preparation. Effect of AV added (a) 30 or (b) 60 min after venom on indirect twitch inhibition. Arrows indicate the times of addition of AV; n = 5–6; * p < 0.05, significantly different from vehicle control at corresponding time point; # p < 0.05, significantly different from venom alone at corresponding time point, one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test. Effect of (c) vehicle, venom alone or AV added either 30 min or 60 min after venom on responses to exogenous agonists; ACh (1 mM), CCh (20 µM) and KCl (40 mM). n = 11–12, where n is the number of preparations from different animals; error bars indicate standard error of the mean.