Figure 2.

Effect of post-venom addition of antivenom (AV; 20 µL) on venom (10 µg/mL) induced myotoxicity in the chick biventer cervicis nerve-muscle preparation. Effect of AV added (a) 30 or (c) 60 min after venom on direct twitch inhibition. Arrows indicate the times of addition of AV; * p < 0.05, significantly different from vehicle control at corresponding time point. Effect of AV added at (b) 30 or (d) 60 min after venom on baseline tension, where * p < 0.05, significantly different from vehicle response, all one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test. n = 4–6, where n is the number of preparations from different animals; error bars indicate standard error of the mean.