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. 2022 Dec 21;15(1):21. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010021

Figure 2.

Figure 2

The schematic representation of the biological reaction of the protein crown in blood circulation. (A) Various plasma proteins adsorb onto NPs immediately after the synthetic NPs enter the blood, resulting in rapid clearance and cytotoxicity; (B) exosomes weakly bind with the serum proteins, thereby enhancing the circulation time and decreasing the cytotoxicity.